Development of a quartz crystal sensor system to monitor local soil removal during cleaning in closed food processing lines

Murcek, Roman; Hölzel, Joachim; Köhler, Hannes; Boye, André; Hesse, Max; Mauermann, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.fbp.2021.03.011

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The local fluorescence intensity, and thus the local brightness in the image, correlates with the thickness of the soil layer (Mauermann et al, 2012). Therefore, the mean gray value in the region of interest (ROI) represents the relative amount of soil on the tank surface (Murcek et al, 2021). Figure 3 shows an exemplary selection of images that were taken after three selected steps of the cleaning process, as well as the initial state.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hagsten, Innings et al (2019) highlights that the first cleaning step with alkali must be effective to ensure a fast and efficient second cleaning step with acid. Through the underlying principles of cleaning validation, cleaning procedures are developed based on worst case scenarios, which results in robust, but oversized cleaning protocols (Mauermann et al, 2012; Murcek et al, 2021; Palabiyik et al, 2015; Yang, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minimizing the environmental footprint in food production: A case study on the improvement of an industrial tank cleaning process through adaptive cleaning devices

Mauermann,

Beckmann,

Murcek

et al. 2024

J Food Process Engineering

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The potential of adaptive tank cleaning devices to reduce resource consumption of cleaning processes is quantified on the example of a dairy tank under production conditions. As methodological approach, a cleaning validation process was applied to obtain information on the resource consumption of the existing cleaning procedure as reference. An improved cleaning procedure with increased mechanical cleaning action was designed. It exploits the capabilities of motor‐driven jet cleaners to perform helical, zigzag, spiral and meander‐shaped nozzle movements. The nozzle movements were applied according to the location of cleaning‐critical area and the fouling deposit distribution. The configuration was supported by cleaning simulations. Both cleaning procedure were quantitatively compared. The adapted cleaning process reduced the cleaning time by 32 per cent without compromising the cleanling success. The volumetric flow rate was 55 l/min instead of 130 l/min and the energy requirement for cleaning was lowered by approx. 227,260 kJ per cleaning cycle.Practical applicationsReducing cleaning times, water consumption, and strengthening food safety are essential challenges for food production. The methodical approach for conducting a cleaning validation provides necessary information to systematically address priorities of optimization: (1) reduction of cleaning time, (2) reduction of water consumption, (3) reduction of energy consumption. The optical detection of cleaning‐critical area, fouling deposit distribution and the temporal cleaning process opens the possibility of monitoring the hygiene status and strengthening food safety.The use of adaptive, motor‐driven tank cleaning devices enables the targeted adjustment of cleaning intensity. This enables the targeted cleaning of hard‐to‐clean and easy‐to‐clean tank areas and may reduce resource consumption and cleaning time.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing the environmental footprint in food production: A case study on the improvement of an industrial tank cleaning process through adaptive cleaning devices

Mauermann,

Beckmann,

Murcek

et al. 2024

J Food Process Engineering

Self Cite

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“…6 With specific focus on fouling, recent applications of QCM-D include fouling of reactor walls during emulsion polymerization, 7,8 membrane fouling by thermomechanical pulping process water, 9,10 and monitoring of cleaning after fouling using an in-line QCM sensor. 11 Most QCM-D studies are conducted on a bench scale where commercially available measurement devices lack the ability to emulate factors associated with industrial flow conditions, such as turbulence, wall shear stress, or convective mass transport. Despite this shortcoming, QCM-D devices are equipped to investigate the chemical reactions and diffusive mass transport associated with fouling on a bench scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a precise technique for studying surface interactions, QCM-D is a versatile technology as demonstrated by a wide range of recent applications, including pigment stabilization, saliva interactions with hydrophobic surfaces, protein complexation with polysaccharides and polyphenols, and the detection of residual pesticides and antibiotics in foods . With specific focus on fouling, recent applications of QCM-D include fouling of reactor walls during emulsion polymerization, , membrane fouling by thermomechanical pulping process water, , and monitoring of cleaning after fouling using an in-line QCM sensor …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Scalability of the High-Pressure High-Temperature Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (HPHT QCM-D) for Milk Fouling Studies

Huellemeier

Eren

Payne

et al. 2023

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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The thermal processing of milk is negatively impacted by fouling, which decreases the rate of heat transfer and increases the frequency of cleaning. Small-scale tools that can predict fouling on larger scales are crucial to understanding and mitigating fouling. In this work, milk fouling is compared between the submicron scale, using a high-pressure high-temperature quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (HPHT QCM-D), and the pilot scale. Fouling rates are monitored in situ and foulants are characterized ex situ using Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results reveal that a proteinaceous foulant is formed on both scales. Also, a gradient in the magnitude of fouling is observed at both scales as a function of the local residence time and temperature with the greatest amount of fouling observed for the smallest local residence time and at the highest temperature (132 °C). The results suggest a scale-up factor of approximately 70−120 times when converting between QCM-D and pilot-scale fouling thicknesses. Similarities in the foulant properties and fouling rates support QCM-D as a viable technology for scale-up studies of milk fouling.

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Food Safety in Supply Chains

MAUERMANN,

BOYE,

HESSE

et al. 2024

Prevention of the Biological Contamination of Food

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Development of a quartz crystal sensor system to monitor local soil removal during cleaning in closed food processing lines

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Minimizing the environmental footprint in food production: A case study on the improvement of an industrial tank cleaning process through adaptive cleaning devices

Minimizing the environmental footprint in food production: A case study on the improvement of an industrial tank cleaning process through adaptive cleaning devices

Assessing the Scalability of the High-Pressure High-Temperature Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (HPHT QCM-D) for Milk Fouling Studies

Food Safety in Supply Chains

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