Development of a sequential injection chromatography (SIC) method for determination of simazine, atrazine, and propazine

Abstract

This paper describes the development of a sequential injection chromatography (SIC) procedure for separation and quantification of the herbicides simazine, atrazine, and propazine exploring the low backpressure of a 2.5 cm long monolithic C(18) column. The separation of the three compounds was achieved in less than 90 s with resolution >1.5 using a mobile phase composed by ACN/1.25 mmol/L acetate buffer (pH 4.5) at the volumetric ratio of 35:65 and flow rate of 40 microL/s. Detection was made at 223 nm using a flow cell with 40 mm of optical path length. The LOD was 10 microg/L for the three triazines and the quantification limits were of 30 microg/L for simazine and propazine and 40 microg/L for atrazine. The sampling frequency is 27 samples per hour, consuming 1.1 mL of ACN per analysis. The proposed methodology was applied to spiked water samples and no statistically significant differences were observed in comparison to a conventional HPLC-UV method. The major metabolites of atrazine and other herbicides did not interfere in the analysis, being eluted from the column either together with the unretained peak, or at retention times well-resolved from the studied compounds.

Flow Analysis: A Novel Approach For Classification

“…SIA compared to CFA and FIA allows to reduce the reagent consumption and waste generation significantly. In this respect, the most progressive The sequential injection chromatography [49][50][51][52] should be also included to the DCFM.…”

A análise por injeção sequencial (SIA): vinte anos em uma perspectiva brasileira

“…52 O trabalho de Grassi et al 53 visou a determinação de zinco e fosfato em extratos de solo, sendo estes analitos também de interesse agrícola; neste estudo, o sistema procedia à determinação de zinco somente se os resultados obtidos na determinação de fosfato ultrapassassem um certo valor limite (5,0 mg L −1 P). Atrazina, 54,56,73 paraquat, 62 picloram, 64 metilparation, 65 e triazinas (simazina, atrazina e propazina) 73 foram os defensivos agrícolas estudados: a alta persistência destes compostos no meio ambiente, associados à toxicidade e fácil capacidade de percolação para lençóis freáticos os tornam importantes analitos para controle de culturas, servindo não apenas como parâmetros para o monitoramento ambiental mas também para o emprego racional destes compostos na lavoura.…”

Optimizing SIC assay method for acetyl salicylic acid and rosuvastatin and adapting to HPLC with performance comparison

“…Unlike particle sorbents as the common chromatographic columns, one of the advantageous features of monolithic columns is the high separation efficiency that could be obtained even with relatively short columns [8,9]. Additionally, monolithic columns are less flow resistant, which is due to the high porosity of monolithic material [8,9].…”

“…Additionally, monolithic columns are less flow resistant, which is due to the high porosity of monolithic material [8,9]. This feature enables the use of monolithic columns in low-pressure flow systems as SIC.…”