Development of a validated liquid chromatography–diode array detection method for simultaneous determination of olanzapine and fluoxetine in their combined formulation: Application to greenness assessment

Abstract

Olanzapine and fluoxetine hydrochloride are two promising drugs recommended for use in combination to treat bipolar psychotic disorders. In the present study, a green liquid chromatographic method is reported for simultaneous quantification of the said combination by employing analytical eco‐scale principles. The penalty point scoring process revealed an excellent greener nature of the current method than the reported methods. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C‐18 column employing methanol and phosphate buffer of pH 3.5 as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detected at 227 nm. Both the analytes were separated with resolution > 2.0. Method validation revealed apt linearity (r2 = 0.999), accuracy (> 99%), and precision (overall % relative standard deviation < 1%) for quantification of the analytes. The limits of detection and quantitation were compliant as per study intent. Further, a systematized chemometrics approach using risk assessment and design of experiments revealed the influence of critical method variables on the method's robustness. Optimum system suitability and assay results confirmed selectivity and revealed the specific nature of the method. Overall, a robust and greener analytical method is established for the routine simultaneous quantification of the two antipsychotics in their combined tablet dosage form.

A Green Liquid Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Caffeine and its Three Major Metabolites in Urine, Drinks, and Herbal Products

“…The main improvements to liquid chromatography according to GAC focus on replacing the existing solvents with greener ones or reducing the amount of solvent used and waste generated [1]. Several HPLC methods have been developed with a GAC approach, such as those reported by Panda et al [4,5].…”

“…Several HPLC methods have been developed with a GAC approach, such as those reported by Panda et al. [4, 5].…”

Liquid chromatographic methods for simultaneous quantification of fixed‐dose combinations of pantoprazole with itopride and ondansetron: Application to method greenness assessment

“…For example, the National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI) is a qualitative approach used by a few researchers to identify the potential green nature of an analytical procedure [17,18]. However, to complement it and confirm the method greenness semiquantitative approach of Analytical Eco-Scale (AES) can be incorporated [19][20][21][22]. The overall goal of such assessment tools is to present the sustainable green nature of the analytical methods and safeguard the environment over time while not compromising method performance.…”

Fluokseti̇n Ve Olanzapi̇ni̇n Eş Zamanli Spektrofotmetri̇k Tayi̇ni̇ Ve Yeşi̇l Ki̇mya Uygulamalari

“…There are several studies in the literature conducted with different methods. In the literature, two active substances were determined simultaneously by the HPLC method [5,6]. Liquid-liquid extraction was analyzed by GC-MS, HPLC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS methods [7][8][9][10].…”