Development of active catalysts for low Pt loading cathodes of PEMFC by surface tailoring of nanocarbon materials

Ismagilov, Z. R.; Керженцев, М. А.; Shikina, N. V.; Lisitsyn, A.S.; Охлопкова, Л. Б.; Barnakov, Ch. N.; Sakashita, Masao; Iijima, Takashi; Tadokoro, Kenichiro

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2005.02.007

Cited by 91 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, the CNF's unique surface structure, namely the regular arrangement of graphite planes with their edges exposed to the outer surface of the fibers, could serve favourable sites for the stabilization of small Pt particles. In addition, the regular arrangement of such sites can provide more uniform distribution of Pt particles on the their surfaces [72].…”

Section: Pt/carbon Nanofiber (Pt/cnf) Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress in the synthesis of carbon nanotube- and nanofiber-supported Pt electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cell catalysis

et al. 2006

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This paper reviews the literature on the synthesis of carbon nanotube-and nanofiber-supported Pt electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell catalyst loading reduction through the improvement of catalyst utilization and activity, especially focusing on cathode nano-electrocatalyst preparation methods. The features of each synthetic method were also discussed based on the morphology of the synthesized catalysts. It is clear that synthesis methods play an important role in catalyst morphology, Pt utilization and catalytic activity. Though some remarkable progress has been made in nanotube-and nanofiber-supported Pt catalyst preparation techniques, the real breakthroughs have not yet been made in terms of cost-effectiveness, catalytic activity, durability and chemical/ electrochemical stability. In order to make such electrocatalysts commercially feasible, cost-effective and innovative, catalyst synthesis methods are needed for Pt loading reduction and performance optimization.

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Section: Pt/carbon Nanofiber (Pt/cnf) Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The deck of cards (platelet) type CNF has graphene layers perpendicular to the growth axis. The parallel (tubular) type CNF has graphene layers parallel to the growth axis with multi-wall assembly [34,71,72]. Conventional carbon supports, i.e.…”

Section: Pt/carbon Nanofiber (Pt/cnf) Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the synthesis of carbon nanotube- and nanofiber-supported Pt electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cell catalysis

et al. 2006

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“…To reduce the overall cost of PEMFCs, it is necessary to reduce the amount of Pt loaded on the MEA (membrane electrode assembly) without loss of unit cell performance. In addition, Pt particles in the catalyst should be small and well dispersed for the use of Pt more effectively [9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the preparation conditions of carbon-supported Pt catalyst on PEMFC performance

Joo

Kim

et al. 2008

J Appl Electrochem

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Carbon-supported Pt catalysts were prepared using NaBH 4 as a reducing agent in either ethylene glycol or water for use as a cathode catalyst in PEMFCs (polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells). Aqueous NaBH 4 solution was used to reduce Pt precursor and to produce the Pt-W catalyst, while Pt-E and Pt-E-base catalysts were synthesized using NaBH 4 in ethylene glycol for the reduction of Pt. Compared to Pt-W catalyst, Pt-E and Pt-E-base catalysts have higher Pt dispersion and larger EAS (electrochemically active surface area) due to the stabilizing effect of ethylene glycolic NaBH 4 solution on Pt particles. In addition, increasing pH of the preparation solution improved the Pt dispersion (Pt-E-base). In unit cell tests the performance of Pt catalysts decreased in the following order: Pt-Ebase [ Pt-E [ Pt-commercial [ Pt-W. Higher metal dispersion and larger EAS are believed to be responsible for the superior performance of Pt-E catalysts, particularly Pt-E-base, compared to other catalysts.

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“…Unfortunately, these materials have several drawbacks including non-uniform and hidden pores where the metallic particles get trapped inside the micropore and become inaccessible to the reaction. In the last years other materials like carbon nanotubes, aerogels and nanofibers have been proposed as catalyst supports for PEMFC [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Electrocatalytic Application of Nanoporous Carbon Material with Different Pore Diameters

Vinu

2009

Top Catal

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Here we report on the preparation of nanoporous carbons with different pore diameters loaded with different amounts of platinum and their application as anodic electrodes for the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The materials were characterized by nitrogen adsorption, XRD and HRTEM. The role of the amount of the platinum and the pore diameter of the nanoporous carbon supports on the anodic performance in the PEMFC has been investigated. It has been found that the anodic activity of the platinum supported nanoporous carbon materials significantly increases with increasing the amount of platinum on the surface of the supports. Interestingly, nanoporous carbon material with a larger pore diameter shows excellent performance as an anodic electrode support. The electrode activity of the platinum loaded nanoporous carbon was also compared with that of the commercially available carbon black support for the PEMFCs. Nanoporous carbon supports are found to be the best, showing much higher performance as compared to that of carbon black.

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Development of active catalysts for low Pt loading cathodes of PEMFC by surface tailoring of nanocarbon materials

Cited by 91 publications

References 23 publications

Progress in the synthesis of carbon nanotube- and nanofiber-supported Pt electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cell catalysis

Progress in the synthesis of carbon nanotube- and nanofiber-supported Pt electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cell catalysis

Effect of the preparation conditions of carbon-supported Pt catalyst on PEMFC performance

Fabrication and Electrocatalytic Application of Nanoporous Carbon Material with Different Pore Diameters

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