Development of an Adaptive Multipath Routing Algorithm by Examining the Congestion and Channel Fault of One-Hop Nodes in Network-on-Chip

Shafiei, Forough; Sattari-Naeini, Vahid

doi:10.1109/iccke.2018.8566504

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In [10], the in-order problem is addressed using additional buffer and stall cycles, increasing energy and area consumption as well as end-to-end latency. Moreover, multipath transmission enhances the fault-tolerance guarantees, as discussed in [11,14,16]. However, these approaches just select one of the alternative paths and send data sequentially, resulting in that transmission latency is not fully alleviated.…”

Section: Background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel Multipath Transmission for Burst Traffic Optimization in Point-to-Point NoCs

Chen

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the 2021 Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI

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Network-on-chip (NoC) is a promising solution to connect more than hundreds of processing elements (PEs). As the number of PEs increases, the high communication latency caused by the burst traffic hampers the speedup gained by computation acceleration. Although parallel multipath transmission is an effective method to reduce transmission latency, its advantages have not been fully exploited in previous works, especially for emerging point-to-point NoCs since: (i) Previous static message splitting strategy increases contentions when traffic loads are heavy, degrading NoC performance. (ii) Only limited shortest paths are chosen, ignoring other possible paths without contentions. (iii) The optimization of hardware that supports parallel multipath transmission is missing, resulting in additional overhead. Thus, we propose a software and hardware collaborated design to reduce latency in point-to-point NoCs through parallel multipath transmission. Specifically, we revise hardware design to support parallel multipath transmission efficiently. Moreover, we propose a reinforcement learning-based algorithm to decide when and how to split messages, and which path should be used according to traffic loads. Experiments show that our algorithm achieves a remarkable performance improvement (+12.1% ∼ +21.0%) when compared with the state-of-the-art dual-path algorithm. Also, our hardware decreases power and area consumption by 23.2% and 10.3% over the dual-path hardware.

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Section: Background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel Multipath Transmission for Burst Traffic Optimization in Point-to-Point NoCs

Chen

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the 2021 Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI

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show abstract

“…The routing algorithms GOAL, GAL, DyXY, BARP, ADBR, MaS, Fault-tolerant, FAFT, FT-DyXY, Free-rider, Novel Adaptive, Traffic allocator, MCAR, Efficient deadlock-free, ESPDA and Adaptive multipath are adaptive routing algorithm [9,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. OE and 3DEP are partial adaptive routing algorithm [29,30].…”

Section: Routing Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The performance of the routing algorithm depends on the topology on which it's implemented and also on the number of routers in the topology. When the same algorithm is implemented on mesh 4×4, and mesh 8×8 have different performance [28]. O1TURN [39], DyXY [16], BARP [18] and FT-XY [33] are implemented on mesh topology having a different number of the router.…”

Section: Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the congestion aware algorithm routes the traffic through the largest available virtual channel. Table 1 show that GAL, DyAD, DyXY, BARP, EDXY, FA-DyAD, CATRA, Free-Rider, Novel adaptive routing, DTRL, MCAR, Adaptive multipath, Link sharing and CFPA are congestion aware algorithms [15,16,20,22,27,28,31,32,44,46,50,52,53]. Congestion awareness decrees latency and increases throughput.…”

Section: Congestion Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…for same algorithm latency and throughput for 4×4 and 8×8 are different. When the number of tiles in NoC increases the latency of routing algorithm increase and throughput is decrees [23,28,34,44]. Latency and throughput of routing algorithm also depend on the injection rate [16,18,32,40].…”

Section: Latency and Throughputmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Review of Network on Chip Routing Algorithms

Ahmad¹,

Sethi²

2020

EAI Endorsed Transactions on Context-aware Systems and Applicat

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Low‐cost regional‐based congestion‐aware routing algorithm for 2D mesh NoC

Vazifedunn

Reza

Reshadi

2022

Int J Communication

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Summary Given the advantages of network‐on‐chips (NoCs), they are rapidly improving to replace other forms of System‐on‐Chip (SoC) designs. Although various factors improve the NoC's performance, many challenges should be addressed when designing an NoC, one of which is congestion and its impacts on performance and efficiency. Hence, numerous routing algorithms have been proposed that contemplate the congestion influences to deal with its complexities. Nevertheless, given the significant impacts of overheads on performance and efficiency, it is crucial to consider them when designing an enhanced NoC. The proposed routing algorithm employs regional traffic information within multiple clusters and has a decent view of the traffic condition when choosing the path to the destination. Each node generates one bit of traffic information and propagates it only when the node is congested, thus preventing the information overhead. Finally, the path diversity parameter is utilized to identify the best route from the source to the destination. The proposed algorithm's results show that the number of received packets, average latency, average throughput, maximum latency, and energy consumption while using different traffic patterns are improved by 10.9%, 35.3%, 15.8%, 43%, and 15.3%, respectively.

show abstract

Development of an Adaptive Multipath Routing Algorithm by Examining the Congestion and Channel Fault of One-Hop Nodes in Network-on-Chip

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Parallel Multipath Transmission for Burst Traffic Optimization in Point-to-Point NoCs

Parallel Multipath Transmission for Burst Traffic Optimization in Point-to-Point NoCs

Review of Network on Chip Routing Algorithms

Low‐cost regional‐based congestion‐aware routing algorithm for 2D mesh NoC

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