Development of an analytical method for the determination of sterol compounds in boars’ saliva

Doležal, Petr; Pokorná, Kamila; Čítek, Jaroslav; Stupka, Roman

doi:10.1016/j.ab.2022.114932

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Reportedly, the solely hydrophobic properties led to more satisfactory results. The complete SPE work-up was successively performed three times before injection into the GC-MS as underivatized analytes [ 59 ]. The LODs and LOQs were 0.8 ng/mL and 1 ng/mL for androsterone, 0.7 ng/mL and 2 ng/mL for androsten-3α-ol, and 0.9 ng/mL and 1 ng/mL for androsten-3β-ol, respectively.…”

Section: Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sample Preparation Techniques for Growth-Promoting Agents in Various Mammalian Specimen Preceding MS-Analytics

Klöppner,

Harps,

Parr

2024

Molecules

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The misuse of growth-promoting drugs such as beta-2 agonists and steroids is a known problem in farming and sports competitions. Prior to the analysis of biological samples via liquid chromatography (LC)–mass spectrometry (MS) or gas chromatography (GC)–MS, sufficient sample preparation is required to reliably identify or determine the residues of drugs. In practice, broad screening methods are often used to save time and analyze as many compounds as possible. This review was conceptualized to analyze the literature from 2018 until October 2023 for sample preparation procedures applied to animal specimens before LC- or GC-MS analysis. The animals were either used in farming or sports. In the present review, solid phase extraction (SPE) was observed as the dominant sample clean-up technique for beta-2 agonists and steroids, followed by protein precipitation. For the extraction of beta-2 agonists, mixed-mode cation exchanger-based SPE phases were preferably applied, while for the steroids, various types of SPE materials were reported. Furthermore, dispersive SPE-based QuEChERs were utilized. Combinatory use of SPE and liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) was observed to cover further drug classes in addition to beta-2 agonists in broader screening methods.

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Section: Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%