Development of an infrared absorption spectrometer for temperature and species concentration measurements in a gasifier

Nau, Patrick; Kutne, Peter; Meier, Wolfgang; Hotz, Christian; Fleck, Sabine

doi:10.1364/lacsea.2016.lm2e.3

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…19−24 Atomic potassium, K(g), has been employed as a tracer to determine the residence time distribution in combustion plants. 19 Recently, simultaneous real-time detection of the gas temperature, CO, water (H 2 O), K(g), and soot 23 as well as temperature and concentrations of CO, H 2 O, methane (CH 4 ), and acetylene (C 2 H 2 ) 24 has been demonstrated in the reaction zones of atmospheric, biomass-fired, pilot-scale EFRs during gasification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the line-of-sight averaged concentrations obtained by TDLAS usually give a good indication of the process conditions. In combustion and gasification applications, TDLAS is often used for multiple parameter diagnostics in the flue gas duct but has also been employed in the reactor core of coal and biomass conversion facilities. − Atomic potassium, K(g), has been employed as a tracer to determine the residence time distribution in combustion plants . Recently, simultaneous real-time detection of the gas temperature, CO, water (H 2 O), K(g), and soot as well as temperature and concentrations of CO, H 2 O, methane (CH 4 ), and acetylene (C 2 H 2 ) has been demonstrated in the reaction zones of atmospheric, biomass-fired, pilot-scale EFRs during gasification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy Diagnostics of Potassium, Carbon Monoxide, and Soot in Oxygen-Enriched Biomass Combustion Close to Stoichiometry

Sepman

Ögren

et al. 2019

Energy Fuels

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Combustion facilities run on pulverized biomass often exhibit fluctuations in fuel feeding and, thus, equivalence ratio and would benefit from fast process control based on optical λ sensors installed in the reactor core. The conversion of softwood powder is investigated in an atmospheric entrained-flow reactor (EFR) operated close to stoichiometry using two different burners (swirl and jet) and three oxygen concentrations (21, 30, and 40%). Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) is used to conduct time-resolved (0.1−1 s) in situ measurements of the gas temperature, carbon monoxide (CO), water vapor (H 2 O), gaseous atomic potassium [K(g)], and soot volume fraction in the lower part of the reactor core and in the exhaust of the EFR. At both locations, the measurement parameters show significant, correlating fluctuations. The local equivalence ratio is derived from a comparison of measured CO and H 2 O concentrations (for fuel-rich and fuel-lean conditions, respectively) to thermodynamic equilibrium calculations (TEC) and found to vary in a wide range (0.8−1.3). Soot production decreases with an increasing local equivalence ratio and oxygen enrichment and is lower for the swirl compared to the jet burner. The measured K(g) concentrations follow the general behavior predicted by TEC around stoichiometry. In the relevant temperature range (1100−1700 K), K(g) is 2−4 orders of magnitude higher under fuel-rich than fuel-lean conditions, with a sharp transition at stoichiometry. While K(g) concentrations are lower than TEC in the reactor core and under fuel-rich conditions, excellent agreement is found at the exhaust after complete fuel conversion. Precise, wide dynamic range detection of K(g) using TDLAS enables discrimination between fuel-rich and fuel-lean conditions and has the potential for lambda sensing close to the hot reaction zone of combustion plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%