Development of Analytical Methods for the Determination of Synthetic Mud Base Fluids in Marine Sediments†

Munro, Pauline D.; Brown, Nigel A.; Moffat, Colin F.; Webster, Lynda; Mackie, P. R.; Hird, Simon

doi:10.1039/a705975b

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Each sediment sample was thoroughly mixed and an aliquot (approximately 10 g) removed for determination of water content by oven drying at 80 AE 5 1C overnight. 20 To a second aliquot (B20 g), aliphatic hydrocarbon internal standards (heptamethylnonane and squalane) and the six deuterated aromatic hydrocarbon standards (d 8 -naphthalene, d 10 -biphenyl, d 8 -dibenzothiophene, d 10 -anthracene, d 10 -pyrene and d 12benzo[a]pyrene) were added. The hydrocarbons were extracted twice using dichloromethane (DCM)/methanol with sonication and the halogenated solvent isolated and dried over Na 2 SO 4 .…”

Section: Extraction Of Sediments For Fluorescence and Hydrocarbon Ana...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution and composition of hydrocarbons in sediments from the Fladen Ground, North Sea, an area of oil production

et al. 2006

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The distribution and composition of hydrocarbons in sediment from the Fladen Ground oilfield in the northern North Sea have been investigated. The total PAH concentrations (2- to 6-ring parent and alkylated PAHs, including the 16 US EPA PAHs) in sediments were relatively low (<100 microg kg(-1) dry weight). The PAH, the Forties crude and diesel oil equivalent concentrations were generally higher in sediment of fine grain size and higher organic carbon concentration. PAH distributions and concentration ratios indicated a predominantly pyrolytic input, being dominated by the heavier, more persistent, 5- and 6-ring compounds, and with a high proportion of parent PAHs. The n-alkane profiles of a number of the sediments contained small, high boiling point, UCMs, indicative of weathered oil arising from a limited petrogenic input. The geochemical biomarker profiles of the sediments that contained UCMs showed a small bisnorhopane peak and a high proportion of norhopane relative to hopane, indicating that there was contamination from both Middle Eastern and North Sea oils. Therefore contamination was not directly as a result of oil exploration activity in the area. The most likely source of petrogenic contamination was from general shipping activity.

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Section: Extraction Of Sediments For Fluorescence and Hydrocarbon Ana...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution and composition of hydrocarbons in sediments from the Fladen Ground, North Sea, an area of oil production

et al. 2006

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“…The method for extraction and analysis was dependent on the test substance. A full description of the analytical method for the SM base fluids, including chromatograms and determination of recoveries and limits of detection, is given in Webster et al [7]. Briefly, the sediments were thawed and a subsample (5‐20 g, concentration dependent) was transferred to a 250‐ml glass centrifuge tube.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid‐phase test for comparison of degradation rates of synthetic mud base fluids used in the off‐shore drilling industry

Munro

Croce

Moffat

et al. 1998

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-A solid-phase degradation test has been developed to assess the fate in marine sediment of synthetic mud base fluids used in the off-shore drilling industry. The degradation rate of an ester-type drilling fluid was investigated at three nominal concentrations in a fine sand. A naturally occurring triester, olive oil, was used as a positive control and a traditional mineral oil served as an example of a poorly degradable substance. Two synthetic drilling fluids, an ester and a blend of n-alkanes with polyalpha olefin and linear-alpha olefin, were compared in a mud and a coarse sand to examine the effect of different sediments on degradability. Glass jars, containing marine sediment that had been homogeneously mixed with test fluid, were placed in troughs in a continuous flow of seawater. Periodically, triplicate jars were sacrificed and, following solvent extraction, the concentration of test fluid remaining in the sediment was determined by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. The test was able to reproducibly distinguish between easily degradable and poorly degradable fluids. The rate of degradation was concentration dependent; the half-life increased as the nominal concentration increased. The ester was more rapidly degraded than the blended synthetic drilling fluid and degradation was slower in sand compared with mud.

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“…Many institutes across the world have, over many years, sampled the seabed so as to assess the status of marine sediments with regards to hazardous substances (e.g. Kelly and Campbell, 1996;Webster et al ., 1997;Gutiérrez-galindo et al ., 1998;Yang et al ., 1998;Zanardi et al ., 1999;Midorikawa et al ., 2004;Ünlü and Alpar, 2005;Edgar et al ., 2006;El Deeb et al ., 2007;Russell et al ., 2008;Ameur et al ., 2010). During this time there has been an improved understanding of how to sample the marine environment with statistical tools being used to develop appropriate sampling protocols so as to ensure the production of data which can be usefully used to describe the status of the seabed and to detect trends (Moffat et al ., 2007).…”

Section: Designing a Sampling Programmementioning

confidence: 99%

Classical Chemical Monitoring of the Marine Environment

Moffat

Webster

Fryer

2011

Chemical Marine Monitoring

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Development of Analytical Methods for the Determination of Synthetic Mud Base Fluids in Marine Sediments†

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

The distribution and composition of hydrocarbons in sediments from the Fladen Ground, North Sea, an area of oil production

The distribution and composition of hydrocarbons in sediments from the Fladen Ground, North Sea, an area of oil production

Solid‐phase test for comparison of degradation rates of synthetic mud base fluids used in the off‐shore drilling industry

Classical Chemical Monitoring of the Marine Environment

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