Development of approximate formula for LDL-chol, LDL-apo B and LDL-chol/LDL-apo B as indices of hyperapobetalipoproteinemia and small dense LDL

Comparison of equations for the calculation of LDL-cholesterol in hospitalized patients

“…We were thus able to consider the effect of the four formulae at high and low TG values, similarly to the de Cordova study. Another limitation is that we focused only on four LDL-C calculations, using the most recently published [23], most widely used [7] and two formulae previously confirmed in a large database to perform well in extreme lipid values [16,17,23], as seen in our hospitalized study sample. The samples we analyzed were from hospitalized patients and the findings cannot be generalized to the general population.…”

“…Measurements of LDL-C are further complicated by LDL-C being a multiple molecular particle aggregate of protein, cholesterol and other lipids [34]. Normal LDL-C is often observed in myocardial infarction, but with increased LDL-apolipoprotein B (Apo B) [17,35]. It is these small dense LDL particles that are more highly correlated with CVD, rather than the concentration of particles present [36].…”

“…renal failure or diabetes) [2,11], but is widely used. Several other formulae have been developed, but these did not perform better than Friedewald's calculation [12][13][14] or had varying results in different population groups [10,[15][16][17][18][19] and including those considering TG ratios [20,21]. In the latest study validating a novel formula in comparison with Friedewald's calculation and the LDL-C reference method in 23 055 patients, the benefits over…”

Conventional and Advanced Lipid Parameters in Premature Coronary Artery Disease Patients in India

“…The immunoturbidimetric method was performed on the autoanalyser 'Olympus AU 400'. Small dense LDL is calculated indirectly by the ratio of the LDL-C/LDL-Apo B. in this formula LDL is calculated by the formula given by Hattori et al, [14]. …”

Evaluation of Recently Developed Regression Equation with Direct Measurement of Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in a Bangladeshi Population

“…They developed this formula based on the observation that the ratio of the mass of TG to mass of cholesterol in very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) is apparently constant and it is about 5:1 (in conventional unit). But there are several shortcomings while using this formula -underestimation of LDL cholesterol at higher TG levels [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and overestimation at low TG levels. 14 Recently by analyzing lipid profiles from 1.3 million consecutive adult subjects referred for direct measurement of cholesterol subfraction by the Vertical Auto Profile (VAP, density gradient ultracentrifugation or vertical spin density gradient ultracentrifugation) Martin et al [15][16][17] also reported a meaningful underestimation of LDL cholesterol in US adults.…”