Development of biomechanical response corridors of the thorax to blunt ballistic impacts

Bir, Cynthia; Viano, David C.; King, A. I.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(03)00238-0

Cited by 91 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Blunt projectiles with mass of 20-200 g with impact speed 20-250 m/s represent the ballistic impacts pertinent to the contact & collision sports activities and non-lethal ammunition (Bir, 2000;Bir, et al, 2004). In past few decades, law enforcement agencies, military and defense forces have started using less-lethal weapons which were designed to temporarily incapacitate the subject in the situations where lethal force is not warranted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wayne State University's scientist (Bir, 2000;Bir et al, 2004) carried out impact tests by subjecting the thoraces of 13 cadavers to 3 impact cases pertinent to the blunt ballistic impacts and developed the force-time, deflection-time, and force-deflection human response corridors and also evaluated thoracic injury in terms of VC max . These human response corridors and viscous criterion values are very handy in development of thoracic surrogates for determination of trauma caused by blunt ballistic impacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As far as the numerical models of the thorax surrogates are concerned, only Nsiampa et al, (2011aNsiampa et al, ( , 2011bNsiampa et al, ( , 2012, validated their human thorax FE model with the human response corridors developed by Bir et al, (2004) and subsequently evaluated the performance of two non-lethal projectiles, namely, foam nosed projectile and 140g PVC baton. Though impact location greatly influences the outcome, as their thorax FE surrogate is modeled with lungs, ribs and chest wall, they have presented results for only one impact point and not validated for any subject specific responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and validation of a thorax surrogate FE model for assessment of trauma due to high speed blunt impacts

Thota

Epaarachchi

Lau

2014

JBSE

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Without being able to evaluate blunt thoracic trauma in terms of an acceptable injury criterion, it is not possible to develop or validate non-lethal projectiles, bullet proof vests and chest protectors for sports personnel etc. In order for the assessment of the blunt trauma caused by high speed projectiles, a novel design of a mechanical surrogate of the thorax (Mechanical THOrax for Trauma Assessment: MTHOTA) was conceptualized. An iterative impact analyses in the virtual testing environment were carried out by impacting the finite element model of the mechanical thorax with 37 mm diameter, 100 mm long wooden baton weighing 140 grams (20 m/s and 40 m/s impact speeds) and 37 mm diameter, 28.5 mm long wooden baton weighing 30 grams with 60 m/s impact speed. From the output of every simulation, force dynamic response (force-time), deflection dynamic response (deflection-time) and force-deflection response were elicited and compared with the corresponding human response corridors developed by Wayne State University's researchers. By suitably changing the design parameters of the mechanical surrogate, simulation iterations were continued till the responses were correlated with the human response corridors. Values of viscous criterion (VC max ), product of maximum chest deflection and the rate at which chest deforms, obtained from MTHOTA were in very good agreement with those obtained from the cadaveric test data. The methodology, concept and validation of the MTHOTA have been presented in this paper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and validation of a thorax surrogate FE model for assessment of trauma due to high speed blunt impacts

Thota

Epaarachchi

Lau

2014

JBSE

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“…Estas condiciones de masa y velocidad son similares a las que pueden ocasionarse en deportes como el béisbol, hockey y en ocasiones pueden llegar a ser mortales [24]. Se ha reproducido este tipo de lesiones en tórax de cadáveres y comparado con los datos previos publicados sobre accidentes automovilísticos consideran que las municiones no mortales tienen impacto energético lesivo superior pero de una menor duración [25].…”

Section: / Lesiones Por Arma De Fuegounclassified

Lesiones costales en antropología forense

Subirana¹,

Galtés²,

Malgosa³

2008

Cuad. med. forense

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RESUMENLos traumatismos torácicos pueden provocar la muerte de forma directa o indirecta en homicidios, suicidios o accidentes. En antropología forense, la reconstrucción de los traumatismos torácicos ante la ausencia de tejidos blandos requiere conocimientos adecuados de los patrones de fractura de la parrilla costal. Los tipos de fractura que observamos en las costillas no están suficientemente explicados en la literatura médico forense clásica.Nuestro trabajo se ha centrado en la revisión de las lesiones por arma de fuego, traumatismos contusos y por arma blanca en la zona costal con la finalidad de simplificar este tema.Palabras clave: antropología forense, lesiones costales, lesiones parrilla costal, lesiones tórax. Forense 2008; 14(53-54):251-268 Cuad Med ABSTRACTChest wall trauma can contribute to death directly or indirectly in homicides, suicides or accidents. In forensic anthropology, the reconstruction of traumatic thoracic events when soft tissues are absent, requires an adequate understanding of ribcage fracture patterns.Fractures types observed in ribs are not explained by current bone literature. Our work has focused on reviewing injuries by gunfire, sharp force trauma and blunt force injures from ribs in order to simplify this matter.

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“…A number of experimental studies sponsored by the Department of Defense have analyzed personal injury severity from blunt debris strikes (Clare et al 1975;Cooper et al 1986;Bir et al 2004). These studies have approached the problem with different projectile and target characteristics as well as varying injury measurement techniques.…”

Section: Reliability Based On Critical Debris Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of Concrete Masonry Unit Walls Subjected to Explosive Loads

Eamon

2007

J. Struct. Eng.

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This study discuses the development of a procedure that can be used to assess the reliability of concrete masonry unit infill walls subjected to personnel-delivered blast loads.Consideration is given to maintain reasonable computational effort for both the structural analysis and reliability models. Blast load and wall resistance models are developed based on experimental and analytical data, and resistance is evaluated with a large strain, large displacement transient dynamic finite element analysis. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify significant random variables and a reliability analysis conducted with a feasible level of computational effort. Reliability indices are estimated for two wall types and three design blast load levels in terms of wall failure as well as occupant injury, over various load frequency-ofoccurrence times.---------------------1 Associate Professor,

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Development of biomechanical response corridors of the thorax to blunt ballistic impacts

Cited by 91 publications

References 12 publications

Development and validation of a thorax surrogate FE model for assessment of trauma due to high speed blunt impacts

Development and validation of a thorax surrogate FE model for assessment of trauma due to high speed blunt impacts

Lesiones costales en antropología forense

Reliability of Concrete Masonry Unit Walls Subjected to Explosive Loads

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