Development of Chlorhexidine Loaded Halloysite Nanotube Based Experimental Resin Composite with Enhanced Physico-Mechanical and Biological Properties for Dental Applications

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the effect of Chlorhexidine-loaded Halloysite nanotubes (HNT/CHX) fillers (diverse mass fractions from 1 to 10 wt.%) on physicochemical, morphological and biological properties of newly developed experimental dental resin composite, in order to compare with the properties of composites composed of conventional glass fillers. Methods: The dental resin composites were prepared by incorporating various proportions of HNT/CHX. Six different groups of specimens: control group and five groups composed of varied mass fractions of HNT/CHX (e.g., 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 wt.%) as fillers in each group were fabricated. Mechanical properties of the composites were monitored, using UTM. The degree of conversion of dental resin composites and their depth of cure were also evaluated. Antimicrobial properties of dental composites were studied in vitro by applying agar diffusion test on strain Streptococcus mutans and cytotoxicity were studied using NIH-3T3 cell line. Results: The incorporation of varied mass fractions (1.0 to 5.0 wt.%) of HNT/CHX in dental resins composites enhanced mechanical properties considerably with significant antibacterial activity. The slight decrease in curing depth and degree of conversion values of composites indicates its durability. No cytotoxicity was noticed on NIH-3T3 cell lines. Significance: Consistent distribution of HNT/CHX as a filler into dental composites could substantially improve not only mechanical properties but also biological properties of dental composites.

Antimicrobial agents in dental restorative materials: Effect on polymerization, short‐term drug release and biological impact

“…The cytotoxic effect of chlorhexidine (1–10%) loaded into halloysite nanotube‐based resin composites was recently studied by Barot et al. [51], who found no cytotoxicity to NIH‐3T3 (mouse embryonal fibroblast) cells.…”

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Resins Blends Containing a Monomethacrylate with Low-polymerization Shrinkage

“…The results of the present study corroborate other studies that show that experimental resin blends can be promising for the development new dental composites. 12 13 14 15 16 27 However, further investigations should be conducted to clarify not only the durability of this type of resin blend, analyzing marginal adaptation and bond strength, but also get an interesting formulation for the dental practice. Another important factor is the inclusion of inorganic filler particles for evaluating the performance of IBOMA as reactive diluent monomer in dental resins.…”

“…10,11 Studies have been developed to evaluate physical and mechanical properties of resins blends. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] The isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA) is a monomethacrylate that has low viscosity and polymerization shrinkage. Studies show that their use in synthesizing nanogels for matrix resins aiming to reduce shrinkage and polymerization stress 15,16 is also used as comonomers thinners matrix composites because of their low viscosity, low polymerization shrinkage, and high hydrophobicity.…”

Recent Progress in Antimicrobial Strategies for Resin-Based Restoratives

“…Therefore, recent studies on the release system have mainly been carried out to solve these problems. With the introduction of nanotechnology to either improve existing antibacterial materials or develop new antibacterial fillers, these problems have been resolved to a certain extent [ 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

“…Experiments showed that they did not have any deleterious effects on the mechanical properties of the composite resin and there was a steady and slow release of copper particles even after 28 days. In addition, some nanocarrier agents for the delivery of drugs, such as montmorillonite and halloysite nanotubes were also used in dental resin composites to achieve controlled release of antibacterial agents [ 16 , 31 , 32 ].…”