Development of cholinergic chronotropic control in chick (Gallus gallus domesticus) embryos

Chiba, Yuya; Fukuoka, Shima; Niiya, Akiko; Akiyama, R.; Tazawa, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/s1095-6433(03)00271-x

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The autonomic nervous system is one of the main regulators of HR in the developing chicken (Crossley and Altimaris, 2000;Chiba et al, 2004). A similar response of HR to warming and cooling has been observed in hatchlings during the ®rst week of post-hatch life (Khandoker et al, 2004).…”

Section: Development Of Circadian Rhythmsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Development of Heart Rate Circadian Rhythm in Chickens

Moriya¹,

Akiyama²,

Dzialowski³

et al. 2004

Avian & Poul. Biolog. Rev.

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In chick embryos, various instantaneous heart rate (IHR) fluctuations (e.g. HR variability, HR irregularities) have been found and developmental patterns of mean heart rate (MHR) have been elucidated. IHR changes have also measured in newly hatched and young chickens in order to investigate the developmental patterns of MHR and any potential diurnal HR rhythmicity such as a circadian rhythm. The present report reviews measurements of embryonic and hatchling HR fluctuations and examine development of HR circadian rhythms during the late stages of incubation and after hatching. Embryonic HR was continuously measured during the last half period of incubation. After hatching, continuous measurements of HR were made for two weeks at the longest in eight chickens ranging in age from 0 to 47 days. During the embryonic development, circadian rhythm of HR was found to be absent until hatching. After hatching, distinct circadian rhythm of HR appeared with increasing daily MHR from day 0 to day 7. During the second week of post-hatch life, the daily scope of MHR (diurnal maximum-nocturnal minimum) reached a maximum level ranging from 200 to 300 bpm with constant baseline of nocturnal MHR. In young chicks, the nocturnal HR baseline was the same as that during the fortnight of posthatch life and daily scope of MHR decreased to 100^150 bpm.

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Section: Development Of Circadian Rhythmsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Development of Heart Rate Circadian Rhythm in Chickens

Moriya¹,

Akiyama²,

Dzialowski³

et al. 2004

Avian & Poul. Biolog. Rev.

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“…In fact, numerous studies have revealed a temporal mismatch of the onset of functionality of the various regulatory components. For example, the neural and hormonal control of the heart in perinatal birds involves a complex interplay between vagal tone, sympathetic tone, locally acting hormones (e.g., nitric oxide) and circulating hormones such as catecholamines and angiotensin II Crossley and Altimiras, 2000;Burggren and Crossley, 2002;Crossley et al, 2003a;Crossley et al, 2003b;Chiba et al, 2004;Mueller et al, 2013a;Iversen et al, 2014;Mueller et al, 2014a). Both muscarinic and adrenergic receptors are present in the first few days of normal embryonic development in the chicken, potentially enabling both sympathetic and parasympathetic neural control.…”

Section: Ontogeny Of Interactions Of System Components and Organ Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardio-respiratory development in bird embryos: new insights from a venerable animal model

2016

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-The avian embryo is a time-honored animal model for understanding vertebrate development. A key area of extensive study using bird embryos centers on developmental phenotypic plasticity of the cardio-respiratory system and how its normal development can be affected by abiotic factors such as temperature and oxygen availability. Through the investigation of the plasticity of development, we gain a better understanding of both the regulation of the developmental process and the embryo's capacity for self-repair. Additionally, experiments with abiotic and biotic stressors during development have helped delineate not just critical windows for avian cardio-respiratory development, but the general characteristics (e.g., timing and dose-dependence) of critical windows in all developing vertebrates. Avian embryos are useful in exploring fetal programming, in which early developmental experiences have implications (usually negative) later in life. The ability to experimentally manipulate the avian embryo without the interference of maternal behavior or physiology makes it particularly useful in future studies of fetal programming. The bird embryo is also a key participant in studies of transgenerational epigenetics, whether by egg provisioning or effects on the germline that are transmitted to the F1 generation (or beyond). Finally, the avian embryo is heavily exploited in toxicology, in which both toxicological testing of potential consumer products as well as the consequences of exposure to anthropogenic pollutants are routinely carried out in the avian embryo. The avian embryo thus proves useful on numerous experimental fronts as an animal model that is concurrently both of adequate complexity and sufficient simplicity for probing vertebrate cardio-respiratory development.

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“…Such differences between strains may account for variations in results reported in different studies. For instance, the reported time of onset of cholinergic chronotropic control of HR in embryos differs between studies (Höchel et al, 1998;Crossley and Altimiras, 2000;Crossley et al, 2003b;Aubert et al, 2004;Chiba et al, 2004;Yoneta et al, 2006) and may be due to the different strains used in each study (Crossley et al, 2003a(Crossley et al, , 2003b. In light of these potential physiological differences, we examined the time-specific responses of acid-base balance and hematological respiratory variables at d15 of both Hyline White Leghorn layer and Cornish Rock broiler embryos, each exposed to altered [CO 2 ] with 20% O 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypercapnic thresholds for embryonic acid–base metabolic compensation and hematological regulation during CO2 challenges in layer and broiler chicken strains

Burggren

Mueller

Tazawa

2015

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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Time specific acid-base metabolic compensation and responses of hematological respiratory variables were measured in day 15 layer (Hyline) and broiler (Cornish Rock) chicken embryos during acute hypercapnic challenges (3, 6, 10 and 20% CO2). Control acid-base status and hematology differed between two strains. Broiler embryos were relatively respiratory acidotic and had higher hematocrit (Hct) and hemoglobin concentration. The partial metabolic compensation for respiratory acidosis produced by ≤ 10% CO2 exposures occurred in proportion to CO2 concentrations in both strains, but metabolic compensation for 20% CO2 respiratory acidosis was depressed at 2, 6 and 24h, particularly in broiler embryos. Exposure to ≤ 10% CO2 induced the same hematological responses across CO2 concentrations; i.e., Hct and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) increased while RBC concentration remained unchanged. In response to 20% CO2 exposure, Hct and MCV increased dramatically in both stains. Consequently, altered acid-base and hematology responses to 20% CO2 exposure compared to ≤ 10% CO2 suggest that the hypercapnic threshold to compensation for acidosis and regulation of hematology is >10% CO2.

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Development of cholinergic chronotropic control in chick (Gallus gallus domesticus) embryos

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Development of Heart Rate Circadian Rhythm in Chickens

Development of Heart Rate Circadian Rhythm in Chickens

Cardio-respiratory development in bird embryos: new insights from a venerable animal model

Hypercapnic thresholds for embryonic acid–base metabolic compensation and hematological regulation during CO2 challenges in layer and broiler chicken strains

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