Development of Fluorescent Markers Using Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Vaseline

Abstract

Identifiable fluorescent markers were developed as tracers to tail suspects using phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, perylene, and coronene in vaseline. Vaseline was used as a carrier of the marker. Of the six compounds in the vaseline, perylene and fluoranthene were readily observed under ultraviolet (UV) light at a wavelength of 365 nm. All six compounds were identified selectively and sensitively without interference of vaseline using a high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector. The detection limit was much less than 1 ng, corresponding to that of the observation behavior under UV light. The results showed that each component with vaseline was more effective than the individual component for the delay in degradation. The case examples of the fluorescent markers are shown.

Highly Resolved Luminescence Measurements for Traces of 1,3-Dibetanato Europium(III) and Terbium(III) Complexes Using a Microscope Laser Raman Spectrometer toward the Forensic Discrimination

“…3(a-2) and 3(b-2), respectively. 3,8,15 The MSF analysis was not able to differentiate the Eu 3+ (or Tb 3+ ) complexes from one another in Table 2, because the split peak structures were not observed due to the low-resolution spectrometer.…”

“…3,12,13 Three types of Tb 3+ complexes with two types of β-diketonate ligands (PTA and DMHFO) and a trimesic acid (TMA) ligand in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline were also prepared. All of these complexes were used as photoluminescent markers under UV light.…”

“…All of these complexes were used as photoluminescent markers under UV light. 3 Apparatus FL. The excitation spectra of the complexes of Eu 3+ or Tb 3+ were measured at room temperature by a Hitachi F4500 fluorescence spectrophotometer equipped with a 150-W CW xenon lamp excitation source.…”

Development of Micromarkers with Various Photoluminescence Colors as Tracers for Shadowing Pursuits

“…The stabilities of the five colors of the photoluminescent powdered micromarkers containing the Eu 3+ and/or Tb 3+ complexes in polyvinyl butyral were compared with those of the markers contained in vaseline, as previously reported, 6 using a UV lamp and a microscopic spectrometer with a fluorescence detector. Five types of color observations of the markers, i.e.…”

“…Eu 3+ and Tb 3+ complexes have been prepared by many researchers in various fields, and characteristically emit red and green luminescence under UV light at approximately 365 nm, respectively. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The retina of the human eye has three types of receptors: one for red, one for green, and one for blue light, and receives a mixture of two colors to form another color of light. For example, it forms yellow from red and green, magenta from red and blue, and cyan from green and blue.…”