Development of Layer I Neurons in the Primate Cerebral Cortex

Zečević, Nada; Rakić, Paško

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-15-05607.2001

Cited by 168 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…GABAergic interneurons that are born in the ventral telencephalon reach the cortex by tangential migration [30; 44]. Interestingly, recent data have suggested that in primates, the majority of the cortical interneurons originate in the cortical ventricular and subventricular zones, and that there is a portion contributed by the ganglionic eminence of the ventral telencephalon [45][46][47]. We show here that differentiated hc-NSCs give rise to glutamatergic (10%) and a smaller population of GABAergic cells (about 1%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of human cortical neurons from a new immortal fetal neural stem cell line

Cacci

Villa

Parmar

et al. 2007

Experimental Cell Research

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Isolation and expansion of neural stem cells (NSCs) of human origin are crucial for successful development of cell therapy approaches in neurodegenerative diseases. Different epigenetic and genetic immortalization strategies have been established for long-term maintenance and expansion of these cells in vitro. Here we report the generation of a new, clonal NSC (hc-NSC) line, derived from human fetal cortical tissue, based on v-myc immortalization. Using immunocytochemistry, we show that these cells retain the characteristics of NSCs after more than 50 passages. Under proliferation conditions, when supplemented with epidermal and basic fibroblast growth factors, the hc-NSCs expressed neural stem/progenitor cell markers like nestin, vimentin and Sox2. When growth factors were withdrawn, proliferation and expression of v-myc and telomerase were dramatically reduced, and the hc-NSCs differentiated into glia. and neurons (mostly glutamatergic and GABAergic, as well as tyrosine hydroxylase-positive, presumably dopaminergic neurons). RT-PCR analysis showed that the hc-NSCs retained expression of Pax6, Emx2 and Neurogenin2, which are genes associated with regionalization and cell commitment in cortical precursors during brain development. Our data indicate that this hc-NSC line could be useful for exploring the potential of human NSCs to replace dead or damaged cortical cells in animal models of acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Taking advantage of its clonality and homogeneity, this cell line will also be a valuable experimental tool to study the regulatory role of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in human NSC biology. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of human cortical neurons from a new immortal fetal neural stem cell line

Cacci

Villa

Parmar

et al. 2007

Experimental Cell Research

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“…For example, in contrast to the situation in rodents, neurons are continuously added to the subplate in primates during the later stages of corticogenesis (Kostović & Rakic, 1990;Smart et al 2002;Meyer, 2007;Bystron et al 2008). A similar difference between rodents and primates was also noted in the development of layer I neurons (Zecevic & Rakic, 2001).…”

Section: Interstitial Neurons As a Normal And Functionally Important mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…These findings clearly show that an initial description of the subplate as layer VIb in the fetal cat (Marin-Padilla, 1971, 1972, 1978 was overly simplified and that it at best can only be applied to the first (earliest generated) wave of subplate neurons. For a detailed criticism of this original concept of the primordial plexiform layer (or preplate) see a recent review (Bystron et al 2008) as well as a number of recent studies which pointed out a previously unsuspected complexity of the early neocortical anlage in humans (Zecevic et al 1999;Meyer et al 2000;Zecevic & Rakic, 2001;Rakic & Zecevic, 2003;Bystron et al 2005Bystron et al , 2006 as well as in rodents (Rickmann et al 1977;Hevner et al 2003;Jimé nez et al 2003;Bielle et al 2005;García-Moreno et al 2007). …”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early history of subplate and interstitial neurons: from Theodor Meynert (1867) to the discovery of the subplate zone (1974)

2010

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In this historical review, we trace the early history of research on the fetal subplate zone, subplate neurons and interstitial neurons in the white matter of the adult nervous system. We arrive at several general conclusions. First, a century of research clearly testifies that interstitial neurons, subplate neurons and the subplate zone were first observed and variously described in the human brain -or, in more general terms, in large brains of gyrencephalic mammals, characterized by an abundant white matter and slow and protracted prenatal and postnatal development. Secondly, the subplate zone cannot be meaningfully defined using a single criterionbe it a specific population of cells, fibres or a specific molecular or genetic marker. The subplate zone is a highly dynamic architectonic compartment and its size and cellular composition do not remain constant during development. Thirdly, it is important to make a clear distinction between the subplate zone and the subplate (and interstitial) neurons. The transient existence of the subplate zone (as a specific architectonic compartment of the fetal telencephalic wall) should not be equated with the putative transient existence of subplate neurons. It is clear that in rodents, and to an even greater extent in humans and monkeys, a significant number of subplate cells survive and remain functional throughout life.

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“…Glutamatergic Cajal-Retzius (CR) and subplate/pioneer cells are among the earliest generated neuronal classes populating the preplate and have been shown to play crucial roles in cortical development by controlling lamination and thalamic axons pathfinding (Meyer et al, 1998;Supèr et al, 1998;Zecevic and Rakic, 2001). CR subtypes arise from focal progenitor domains at the edges of the developing pallium and invade the preplate by tangential migration (Takiguchi-Hayashi et al, 2004;Bielle et al, 2005;Yoshida et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Transient Glutamatergic Population Migrating from the Pallial–Subpallial Boundary Contributes to Neocortical Development

Teissier¹,

Griveau²,

Vigier³

et al. 2010

J. Neurosci.

126

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The generation of a precise number of neural cells and the determination of their laminar fate are tightly controlled processes during development of the cerebral cortex. Using genetic tracing in mice, we have identified a population of glutamatergic neurons generated by Dbx1-expressing progenitors at the pallial-subpallial boundary predominantly at embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) and subsequent to Cajal-Retzius cells. We show that these neurons migrate tangentially to populate the cortical plate (CP) at all rostrocaudal and mediolateral levels by E14.5. At birth, they homogeneously populate cortical areas and represent Ͻ5% of cortical cells. However, they are distributed into neocortical layers according to their birthdates and express the corresponding markers of glutamatergic differentiation (Tbr1, ER81, Cux2, Ctip2). Notably, this population dies massively by apoptosis at the completion of corticogenesis and represents 50% of dying neurons in the postnatal day 0 cortex. Specific genetic ablation of these transient Dbx1-derived CP neurons leads to a 20% decrease in neocortical cell numbers in perinatal animals. Our results show that a previously unidentified transient population of glutamatergic neurons migrates from extraneocortical regions over long distance from their generation site and participates in neocortical radial growth in a non-cell-autonomous manner.

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Development of Layer I Neurons in the Primate Cerebral Cortex

Cited by 168 publications

References 66 publications

Generation of human cortical neurons from a new immortal fetal neural stem cell line

Generation of human cortical neurons from a new immortal fetal neural stem cell line

Early history of subplate and interstitial neurons: from Theodor Meynert (1867) to the discovery of the subplate zone (1974)

A Novel Transient Glutamatergic Population Migrating from the Pallial–Subpallial Boundary Contributes to Neocortical Development

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