Development of Manufacturing Technology for Direct Recycling Cemented Carbide (WC-Co) Tool Scraps

Wongsisa, Saharat; Srichandr, Panya; Poolthong, Nuchthana

doi:10.2320/matertrans.m2014213

Cited by 27 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A possibilidade da continuidade do fornecimento de tungstênio e cobalto para as indústrias de ferramentas, nas próximas décadas é questionável, devido à pequena quantidade de depósitos distribuídos em poucos lugares do mundo (WONGSISA; SRICHANDR; POOLTHONG, 2015). A obtenção de produtos residuais, a partir das tecnologias de reprocessamento de sucatas, tornou-se uma alternativa de interesse mundial, tendo em vista o risco da escassez na oferta desses metais (XAVIER; LINS, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Processos de reciclagem de metal duro: uma revisão

Guerra

Trevisan

2020

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A recuperação do carboneto de tungstênio é muito importante para a produção mundial de ferramentas de usinagem. O baixo rendimento no processamento dos minerais, o impacto ambiental da mineração e os altos custos para a obtenção desses metais justificam os constantes esforços no sentido da recuperação dos mesmos. A maioria dessas ferramentas não oferece a possibilidade de recondicionamento. Este estudo aborda produções científicas voltadas ao reprocessamento do tungstênio e outros metais contidos na sucata de ferramentas de corte construídas de metal duro, objetivando a análise dos processos nas diversas vias de reciclagem. Foram analisados 40 artigos e 40 patentes publicados entre 1946 e 2019, referentes ao reprocessamento desses metais. Como resultado, apresentam-se características relevantes dos processos estudados, permitindo uma rápida análise comparativa entre os mesmos. Conclui-se que a reciclagem é viável por apresentar diversas vantagens, em relação à obtenção da matéria-prima por mineração, porém ainda são necessários aprimoramentos para o reprocessamento em larga escala, tendo em vista aspectos como: riscos ao meio ambiente e redução de custos.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Processos de reciclagem de metal duro: uma revisão

Guerra

Trevisan

2020

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“…Chemical, physico-chemical, electrochemical and mechanical methods are used for recycling and valorization of components from secondary raw material based on tungsten [2,6,[12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated procedure for recycling and valorization of useful components from secondary raw materials based on hard metals

et al. 2017

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Wide application of hard metals requires increased consumption of their constituents. Their high cost and scarcity impose the need for finding new, both ecologically and economically justified ways for their production. In presented research, on the basis of previous research, a review of an integrated technological procedure of recycling and valorization of useful components from hard metals secondary raw materials is given.Integrated procedure for processing of hard metal's waste enables the preparation of a wide range of powders with required properties, a high efficiency and reducing the duration of individual stages of procedures for their processing. Therefore, besides conservation of natural resources there are also significant economic and energetic benefits. The developed technological procedure is in service of sustainable development.

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“…Besides, statistics reveal that approxim. 20 supply of recovered W and Co may drop the raw material cost by about 15 to 50% [6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although several recycling processes have been globally developed and used, their success would depend on their eco-friendliness and economic feasibility [5]. These processes include pyrometallurgy-based oxidation, carbothermal reduction [7,8] hydrometallurgy [9,10] and electrometallurgy [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] routes, or their combination [19][20][21], in order to recover the valuables W and Co materials. Researchers [4] have also studied pyrometallurgy [8], hydrometallurgy [10,22] or pyro/hydrometallurgy [19]) methods, and compared them based on energy consumption, eco-friendliness, equipment cost, emission of toxic gases and recovery of different products (e.g., W and Co) [23].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Strategic Metals from Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt Bonded Waste by Electrochemical Processing

Katiyar¹,

Randhawa²

2023

Port. Electrochim. Acta

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Scraped or end-of-life WC-Co bonded makes it an attractive resource. The conventional technologies to recover these metals entail energy-intensive pre-treatment steps, followed by their dissolution in a high volume of concentrated acids/alkali reagents. Recently, much attention has been given to the development of energy-efficient and environmentally friendly routes based on WC-Co direct electrochemical dissolution as anodes. However, the metals have a retarded dissolution, in NaOH alkali media, due to the formation of passive oxide layers, in the acidic electrolytes, and of hydroxides, on the anodic surface. The present study investigated WC and Co dissolution fundamentals in aqueous NH3, in order to develop a greener process, by the suitable addition of (NH4)2CO3, (NH4)2SO4 and NH4Cl Preliminary PDP studies revealed the necessary concentration of NH3 and additives, and their effect on the metals passivation tendency, for obtaining the best anodic dissolution parameters. The electrodissolution experiments in a specially designed cell achieved the maximum values, by adjusting those parameters. The highest dissolution of W and Co occurred under optimum conditions (10 V, 150 g/L NH3 and 15% w/v NH4Cl). Co was deposited at the cathode, while H8N2O4W remained in the electrolyte and was recovered as H2WO4 or YTO. Topographical analysis of the polarized surface by AFM has confirmed the pitting corrosion mechanism responsible for W and Co dissolution. A process flow chart for the newly developed single-step direct recycling methods of WC scraps has also been proposed. This process has produced pure saleable WO3 powder and Co.

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Development of Manufacturing Technology for Direct Recycling Cemented Carbide (WC-Co) Tool Scraps

Cited by 27 publications

References 40 publications

Processos de reciclagem de metal duro: uma revisão

Processos de reciclagem de metal duro: uma revisão

Integrated procedure for recycling and valorization of useful components from secondary raw materials based on hard metals

Recovery of Strategic Metals from Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt Bonded Waste by Electrochemical Processing

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