Development of Novel Blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) Mutants and Deciphering Genotype × Environment Interaction for Yield-Related Traits of Mutants

Abstract

Blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) yields are noticeably poor due to a shortage of improved varieties and an aggravated narrow genetic base. An attempt was made to isolate novel blackgram mutants by selecting for yield-related traits derived through gamma irradiation and testing the mutant genotype’s stability across the different environments. The irradiated blackgram populations M1-M5 were established in the background of cultivars ADT 3, Co 6, and TU 17-9. Desirable mutants were selected from M3 to M5 generations. It was observed in M2 and M3 that gamma rays showed higher mutagenic efficacy and generated good inherited variance for the yield-related traits. M4 established three divergent groups in each blackgram cultivar revealed by clustering analysis. The number of pods per plant, number of clusters per plant, and number of pods per cluster showed a strong direct association with single plant yield and could be considered as selection traits. G × E interactions were higher than the variation due to genotype for single plant yield. Limited environmental interaction was observed for the genotypes G24, G16, G36, G30, and G17, as revealed by AMMI, and the genotypes G18 and G29, as revealed by GGE. GGE biplot revealed the environment-specific genotypes G13 for E1 (Aduthurai), G7 for E2 (Kattuthottam), and G34 for E3 (Vamban) and also portrayed the highly discriminating (E3) and representative (E2) environments. Selected novel blackgram genotypes from this research are useful genetic stocks for genetic improvement and breeding.

Development of stable blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] genotypes by deciphering genotype × environment interaction using Eberhart-Russell and AMMI models

“…3). The classification of blackgram genotypes for their stability based on the AMMI biplot was earlier reported by Dhasarathan et al (2021);Joseph et al (2015).…”

Mining legume germplasm for genetic gains: An Indian perspective

“…Recently, 840 accessions of black gram were also characterized, resulting in the identification of promising germplasm lines in terms of early flowering (IC343936, IC436615), synchronous flowering (IC73523, IC396032, IC485444), pod length (IC438379), number of seeds/pod (IC472051_2, IC565238), and seed weight (IC485605_2, IC485588) ( Gayacharan et al, 2022 ). For novel trait generation in black gram, gamma-irradiated mutants were generated using black gram cultivars ADT 3, Co 6, and TU 17-9, which have exhibited high plant yield ( Dhasarathan et al, 2021 ). Additionally, RBU1012 and Pant U-19 have been found to be the most stable genotypes in terms of yield when evaluated under field conditions ( Singh N. P et al, 2016 ).…”

Black gram Plant Leaf Disease (BPLD) dataset for recognition and classification of diseases using computer-vision algorithms

“…A member of pulse tribe, Black gram, also known as Urad bean or Black mapte, is one of the world's most significant and widely consumed pulse. This pulse is in great demand as it has high nutritional content and other advantages like improving soil fertility and fixing atmospheric nitrogen in the soil [1] . India is the primary source with 70% of the world's black gram production.…”