Development of paper based electrodes: From air-breathing to paintable enzymatic cathodes

Ciniciato, Gustavo Pio Marchesi Krall; Lau, Carolin; Cochrane, Andrew; Sibbett, Scott S.; González, Ernesto Rafael; Atanassov, Plamen

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2012.06.094

Cited by 72 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…8. Although there are few examples of gas diffusion biocathodes (Ciniciato et al, 2012;Gellett et al, 2010b;Gupta et al, 2011a,b;Rincon et al, 2011;Zloczewska and Jönsson-Niedziolka, 2013), they are emerging as an important technological advancement for the field of enzymatic biofuel cells. The early worked focused on laccase in non-physiologically relevant pHs, while the more recent work by the Atanassov group utilizes bilirubin oxidase (Gupta et al, 2011b).…”

Section: Air-breathing Bioelectrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic biofuel cells: 30 years of critical advancements

Rasmussen

Abdellaoui

Minteer

2016

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

433

247

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Enzymatic biofuel cells are bioelectronic devices that utilize oxidoreductase enzymes to catalyze the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy. This review details the advancements in the field of enzymatic biofuel cells over the last 30 years. These advancements include strategies for improving operational stability and electrochemical performance, as well as device fabrication for a variety of applications, including implantable biofuel cells and self-powered sensors. It also discusses the current scientific and engineering challenges in the field that will need to be addressed in the future for commercial viability of the technology.

show abstract

Section: Air-breathing Bioelectrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic biofuel cells: 30 years of critical advancements

Rasmussen

Abdellaoui

Minteer

2016

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

433

247

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…20,21 At the anode, GDH shows a biocatalytic activity when coupled to its NAD + /NADH-cofactor. 13,[22][23][24][25] The oxidized form of the cofactor (NAD + ) is reduced to (NADH) while glucose is oxidized to gluconolactone.…”

Section: -4mentioning

confidence: 99%

NAD⁺/NADH Tethering on MWNTs-Bucky Papers for Glucose Dehydrogenase-Based Anodes

Villarrubia

Artyushkova

Garcia

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reagentless and non-reagentless nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + )-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) bioanodes integrating multiwalled nanotubes (WMNTs)-bucky papers are introduced in this study. The NAD + was tethered by pyrene butanoic acid succinimidyl ester (PBSE) to the wall of the carbonic MWNTs composing the bucky paper by π-π stacking interactions. The designs have been evaluated electrochemically and by X-ray spectroscopy. The electrodes have been assembled to a quasi-2D microfluidic system with capillary driven flow. Michaelis-Menten analysis on CMN-MG-PBSE-NAD + -GDH, reagentless bioanode, in an electrolytic cell shows a limiting current and constant of I Max = 3.252 ± 0.134 mA.cm −2 and K M = 48.3 ± 4.6 mM at 4 • C, and I Max = 2.568 ± 0.085 mA.cm −2 and K M = 13.6 ± 1.8 mM at 25 • C for 0.1 M glucose. Results demonstrate the enzymatic system, in non-reagentless and reagentless bioanode, has an extraordinary current density generation. In the reagentless bioanode design, the enzyme and its cofactor are highly catalytically active, and the design can be feasible integrated into biofuel cell assembly and later used as a power source for small portable devices. The development and implementation of alternative energy systems is highly desired and envisioned for overcoming environmental issues. Furthermore, designing environmentally friendly power devices is needed because current systems such as conventional batteries have shown to contain toxic compounds and produce toxic residues. 1Harvesting energy from glucose, for example, would make possible the utilization of fruits as well as commercial drinks as source of biofuel and the products of their oxidation are naturally biodegradable. Enzymatic biofuel cells are devices engineered for that purpose. 2-4These biofuel cells are envisioned to power small portable devices and devices for biomedical applications. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Increasing the efficiency of the biofuel cell systems requires decreasing limitations on the kinetics of the catalytic layer, resistivity losses of the electrode materials and mass transport losses. In previous work, we reported the integration of bucky papers 18 (multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNTs)-based papers) to bioelectrode designs to reduce kinetic and ohmic limitations. The employment of a quasi-2D microfluidic system (paper-based fan) was employed to decrease mass transport limitations of fuel to the catalytic layer. The enzymatic systems were immobilized within CNTs network-Chitosan 3D-matrix in order to improve electron transfer and enzyme life-time. Herein, the improvement of the NAD + -dependent glucose dehydrogenase (GDH)-based bioanode is presented.Harvesting energy from glucose by enzymatic biofuel cells could be performed by using oxidoreductase enzymes such as glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) on the anode 19 and analogous enzymatic systems on the cathode for reduction of oxygen from air. 20,21 At the anode, GDH shows a biocatalytic activity when coupled to its NAD + /NADH-...

show abstract

“…Although there are many different ways to design an enzymatic electrode, the general procedure requires deposition of the enzyme onto a conductive material which then should be immobilized in a matrix such as chitosan, 14 nafion, 15 or silica gel in order to retain enzyme structure and function. 9,16,17 The objective of this research was to design a stable air "breathing" enzymatic cathode by improving the available surface area and 3D matrix of enzyme entrapment at the nanoscale for: a) higher enzyme loading on the biocathode and improved kinetic activity of the system and, b) decrease of oxygen and proton mass transfer limitations while retaining the active enzymatic 3D structure.Previous research has made it known that the design of a viable enzymatic gas-diffusional cathode has to satisfy the following main requirements: 1) consist of a porous hydrophobic layer that allows the flow of oxygen to feed the catalytic layer; 2) have a porous thin catalytic layer with enzyme-air-electrolyte three-phase interface, 18,19 and 3) preserve enzymatic activity. At the three phase interface oxygen molecules from air meet at the active site of the enzyme as well as protons (H + ) from the electrolytic solution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research has made it known that the design of a viable enzymatic gas-diffusional cathode has to satisfy the following main requirements: 1) consist of a porous hydrophobic layer that allows the flow of oxygen to feed the catalytic layer; 2) have a porous thin catalytic layer with enzyme-air-electrolyte three-phase interface, 18,19 and 3) preserve enzymatic activity. At the three phase interface oxygen molecules from air meet at the active site of the enzyme as well as protons (H + ) from the electrolytic solution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas-Diffusion Cathodes Integrating Carbon Nanotube Modified-Toray Paper and Bilirubin Oxidase

Garcia

Villarrubia

Falase

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This research introduces the design of a gas-diffusional cathode employing bilirubin oxidase (BOx) immobilized on a complex matrix composed of carbon nanotube (CNT) modified Toray paper (TP) and, encapsulated in silica-gel. The developed enzymatic cathode consists of two layers. One is the hydrophobic gas-diffusional layer (GDL) and the other a hydrophilic catalytic layer (CL) which were combined by pressing at 1000 psi for five minutes. The GDL (35% weight teflonized Vulcan carbon powder (XC35)) that is exposed to air has hydrophobic and porous properties that facilitate oxygen diffusion. The CL consists of a thin, high surface area, 3D CNT/silica-gel matrix where the 3D-enzymatic structure is immobilized and preserved. The nanostructured architecture of the CL was designed to improve conductivity and surface area. Such a design was achieved by modifying the TP surface with CNTs. CNTs are grown on TP by chemical vapor deposition which is possible by electrodepositing Ni seeds via pulse chronoamperometry. Entrapment of BOx was achieved by using tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS), a highly volatile compound that results in a polymeric condensation reaction with H 2 O at room temperature. TMOS polymerization of the cathode surface was performed in a chemical vapor deposition process to form a silica-gel matrix. The gas diffusional cathode was assembled to a capillary driven microfluidic system to be electrochemically characterized. The characterization was performed from electrolyte pH 5 to pH 8 with increments 0.5 in pH. The best performance was observed at pH 5.5 showing a current output of 655.07 ± 146.18 μA.cm −2 and 345.36 ± 30.04 μA.cm −2 at 0 V and 0.3 V, respectively. At a pH of 7.5 the current generated was 287.05 ± 20.37 μA.cm −2 and 205.37 ± 1.57 μA.cm −2 at 0 V and 0.3 V, respectively. The results show the stability of the enzymatic structure, subject to various pH, is maintained within the 3D-CNT silica-gel matrix for pH lower than 8. Future work will focus on storage life and stability over time. Interest in biofuel cells has increased in the past decade in pursue of self energetically-sustained biomedical devices and also small, portable electrical devices capable of work by harvesting energy from natural fuel sources. Such interests exist due to the low temperature and neutral pH operating range of biofuel cells.1-3 Depending on the mechanism of the enzyme, either direct or mediated electron transfer (DET and MET, respectively) reflects the electron transfer distance between enzyme active site and electrode interface. One must couple mediators/cofactors for the latter in order to have electrons transferred to the electrode and further to an external circuit therefore subjecting electrons to a diffusion distance.2,4-13 On the other hand DET works under an electron tunneling distance. Further design considerations are centered on the three main regions of inherent energetic losses in fuel cells known as kinetic, ohmic and mass transfer limits. Although there are many different ways to design an enzymat...

show abstract

Development of paper based electrodes: From air-breathing to paintable enzymatic cathodes

Cited by 72 publications

References 38 publications

Enzymatic biofuel cells: 30 years of critical advancements

Enzymatic biofuel cells: 30 years of critical advancements

NAD⁺/NADH Tethering on MWNTs-Bucky Papers for Glucose Dehydrogenase-Based Anodes

Gas-Diffusion Cathodes Integrating Carbon Nanotube Modified-Toray Paper and Bilirubin Oxidase

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Development of paper based electrodes: From air-breathing to paintable enzymatic cathodes

Cited by 72 publications

References 38 publications

Enzymatic biofuel cells: 30 years of critical advancements

Enzymatic biofuel cells: 30 years of critical advancements

NAD+/NADH Tethering on MWNTs-Bucky Papers for Glucose Dehydrogenase-Based Anodes

Gas-Diffusion Cathodes Integrating Carbon Nanotube Modified-Toray Paper and Bilirubin Oxidase

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

NAD⁺/NADH Tethering on MWNTs-Bucky Papers for Glucose Dehydrogenase-Based Anodes