Development of Split Ring Resonator Shaped Six Element 2 × 3 Multiple Input Multiple Output Antenna for the C/X/Ku/K Band Applications

Alsharari, Meshari; Sorathiya, Vishal; Armghan, Ammar; Dave, Kavan; Aliqab, Khaled

doi:10.3390/mi14040874

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Structures such as SRR (split ring resonator), CSSR (complementary split ring resonator), and unit cells most widely used isolation techniques in the literature. In [ 96 , 97 , 98 ], the authors described an isolation techniques based on the metamaterials and DGS provides significant improvement.…”

Section: Design Challenges For 5g Mimo Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in MIMO Antenna Design for 5G: A Comprehensive Review

Raj

Mishra

Kumar

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology has emerged as a highly promising solution for wireless communication, offering an opportunity to overcome the limitations of traffic capacity in high-speed broadband wireless network access. By utilizing multiple antennas at both the transmitting and receiving ends, the MIMO system enhances the efficiency and performance of wireless communication systems. This manuscript specifies a comprehensive review of MIMO antenna design approaches for fifth generation (5G) and beyond. With an introductory glimpse of cellular generation and the frequency spectrum for 5G, profound key enabling technologies for 5G mobile communication are presented. A detailed analysis of MIMO performance parameters in terms of envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), mean effective gain (MEG), and isolation is presented along with the advantages of MIMO technology over conventional SISO systems. MIMO is characterized and the performance is compared based on wideband/ultra-wideband, multiband/reconfigurable, circular polarized wideband/circular polarized ultra-wideband/circular polarized multiband, and reconfigurable categories. The design approaches of MIMO antennas for various 5G bands are discussed. It is subsequently enriched with the detailed studies of wideband (WB)/ultra-wideband (UWB), multiband, and circular polarized MIMO antennas with different design techniques. A good MIMO antenna system should be well decoupled among different ports to enhance its performance, and hence isolation among different ports is a crucial factor in designing high-performance MIMO antennas. A summary of design approaches with improved isolation is presented. The manuscript summarizes the various MIMO antenna design aspects for NR FR-1 (new radio frequency range) and NR FR-2, which will benefit researchers in the field of 5G and forthcoming cellular generations.

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Section: Design Challenges For 5g Mimo Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in MIMO Antenna Design for 5G: A Comprehensive Review

Raj

Mishra

Kumar

et al. 2023

Sensors

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“…Due to the compact size of the SRR, the design of very compact microwave circuits is gaining popularity. These circuits include filters [2][3][4], sensors [5][6][7], and antennas [8]. Among different types of SRR, the S-shaped split ring resonator is gaining popularity due to the level of miniaturization that can be achieved by modifying a conventional SRR structure [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Split-Ring Resonators and Potential Barcode Application

Ong,

Yeap,

Chong

et al. 2024

JETAP

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This paper presents an analysis of various split-ring resonator (SRR) configurations coupled with coplanar waveguides (CPW). Three distinct resonant structures are presented, namely, the S-shaped split-ring resonator (S-SRR), the conventional split-ring resonator (SRR), and a pair of SRR. Among the examined resonant structures, it is observed that the S-SRR exhibits the smallest electrical size with the corresponding resonant frequency of 1.37 GHz, while the conventional SRR has the largest electrical size with the corresponding resonant frequency of 3.34 GHz. On the other hand, the resonant frequency of a dual SRR is 2.37 GHz. However, the transmission coefficient of a dual SRR is -11.43 dB, which is higher than S-SRR (-10.02 dB) and SRR (-8.18 dB). Furthermore, this study extends the analysis between a square dual SRR and a circular dual SRR with retained area. The square SRR demonstrates a lower resonance frequency (2.23 GHz) relative to its circular counterpart (2.37 GHz). The comparison also shows that the transmission coefficient of the square configuration is -13.88 dB, which is higher than its circular counterpart (-11.43 dB). The realization of a barcode application is achieved by loading multiple S-shaped split ring resonators (S-SRRs) with varying geometric parameters adjacently onto the transmission line. By individually rotating each of these S-SRRs, it becomes possible to alter the notch magnitude, thereby positioning it within a specific designated range corresponding to a particular code. In the case of a configuration involving rotations of (0°, 45°, 90°, 0°, 45°, 90°), this approach results in the creation of a barcode denoted as "100 010 000 100 011 000". This methodology enables the encoding of information in the form of distinctive resonant responses, providing a versatile and compact means of realizing barcode applications.

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Six-element MIMO antenna structure with squared ring structure with multiband and high gain characteristics for C/X/Ku/K band applications

Almawgani,

Sorathiya,

Dabhi

et al. 2023

Phys. Scr.

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Using ring resonator structure, we have presented a structure of the six-element multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna structure. The proposed structure is numerically investigated and experimentally verified for antenna performance in the 1 to 25 GHz wideband frequency range. We have designed and verified the five antenna structure types, which consist of the various forms of ring/patch with different ground plane geometries. Various performance parameters like gain, directivity, reflections, and electric field distributions are analyzed for MIMO antennas. Essential performanceparameters observed for the MIMO antennas are also presented in this manuscript to identify the behaviour of the structure with different physical conditions. These parameters are also investigated for the identification of suitable ranges for the multi-channel transmission capability of the communication system. Return loss and Gain values are< -12 dB and ~ 20 dBi achieved with ~ 12 GHz of the operating bandwidth. Overall, the antenna offers minimum return loss values of −25 dB for the operating band of 19 to 25 GHz with anoperational bandwidth of 6 GHz. The designed antennas are tested using a ground patch and a rectangular patch in a scattered manner, and the obtained results are utilized in the Ultrawideband MIMO antenna applications. These antennas are also used in various band operations in satellite communication, including C/X/Ku/K bands.

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Development of Split Ring Resonator Shaped Six Element 2 × 3 Multiple Input Multiple Output Antenna for the C/X/Ku/K Band Applications

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

Advances in MIMO Antenna Design for 5G: A Comprehensive Review

Advances in MIMO Antenna Design for 5G: A Comprehensive Review

An Analysis of Split-Ring Resonators and Potential Barcode Application

Six-element MIMO antenna structure with squared ring structure with multiband and high gain characteristics for C/X/Ku/K band applications

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