Development of the integrated integrating sphere cold atom clock*

Abstract

We develop an integrated integrating sphere cold atom clock (ISCAC), which mainly consists of physical package, laser system, microwave source, and electronics. This compact system is more stable and reliable than the previous version. The experimental results show that the short term frequency stability of 5.4 × 10 − 13 τ − 1 / 2 and 2.9 × 10−15 at 1-day integrating time are achieved.

Leptonic widths of high ψ -resonances in a unitary coupled-channel model

“…For the SSE at small r the derivatives R ′ nS (r) increase, starting to grow at a critical distance r nS ∼ 0.07 fm. On the contrary, the eigenfunctions of the H str are regular in so-called einbein approximation [28,39,40] (as well as those of the Schrödinger equation) and their derivatives decrease for small r, approaching zero at r = 0. In the einbein approximation to H str , Eq.…”

“…The w.f. Ψ n1 QQ and E n1 are the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the relativistic string Hamiltonian (RSH) [39,40] (see the next Section). In the heavy-light sector we use the Green's function of the pair (Qq)(qQ) and neglect the interaction of the two (color singlet) heavy-light mesons.…”

“…In closed-channel approximation we use the RSH [39], where in the kinetic term the pole c-quark mass, m c (pole) = (1.440 ± 0.015) GeV corresponds to the conventional current quark mass, m c = (1.267 ± 0.011) GeV [3]. Then for the QQ potential,…”

“…The w.fs. R nS (0) are calculated here in two ways, because the original form of the string Hamiltonian [19,28,39,40],…”

Analysis of iris-loaded resonance cavity in miniaturized maser*

“…Recently, there was an increasing interest in radicallyminiaturized masers such as compact rubidium masers (CRM) and passive hydrogen masers (PHM), which are used as atomic clocks in communication and localization applications. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Iris-loaded resonance cavity (IRC) is widely used in these masers. Compared with cylindrical cavity and sapphire-loaded cylindrical cavity, the IRC can greatly reduce the radial size of atomic clock.…”