Development of the Low Emissions Analysis Platform – Integrated Benefits Calculator (LEAP-IBC) tool to assess air quality and climate co-benefits: Application for Bangladesh

Kuylenstierna, Johan; Heaps, Charles; Ahmed, Tanvir; Vallack, Harry W.; Hicks, W. Kevin; Ashmore, Mike; Malley, Christopher S.; Wang, Guozhong; Lefèvre, Elsa N.; Anenberg, Susan C.; Lacey, Forrest; Shindell, D. T.; Bhattacharjee, Utpal; Henze, D. K.

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.106155

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Aligning separate GHG and air quality inventories for a city can also be challenging since the processes in developing these inventories are time-consuming and may differ from each other. Several tools are now being developed to make it easier to quantify GHG, air quality, and health changes from changes in activity levels or emissions, including LEAP-IBC (Kuylenstierna et al, 2020) and Pathways-AQ (under development by C40). These tools still need to be scaled up for use in multiple geographical settings and policy contexts.…”

Section: Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Health Benefits of Urban Climate Mitigation Actions: Current State of the Epidemiological Evidence and Application in Health Impact Assessments

Castillo¹,

Anenberg²,

Huxley³

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Cities

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While ambitious carbon reduction policies are needed to avoid dangerous levels of climate change, the costs of these policies can be balanced by wide ranging health benefits for local communities. Cities, responsible for ~70% of the world's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and home to a growing majority of the world's population, offer enormous opportunities for both climate action and health improvement. We aim to review the current state of knowledge on key pathways leading from carbon mitigation to human health benefits, and to evaluate our current ability to quantify health benefits for cities around the world. For example, because GHGs and air pollutants are both released during fuel combustion, reducing fuel burning can reduce both GHGs and air pollutants, leading to direct health benefits. Air quality improvements may be particularly important for city-scale climate action planning because the benefits occur locally and relatively immediately, compared with the global and long-term (typically, decades to centuries) benefits for the climate system. In addition to improved air quality, actions that promote active transport in cities via improved cycling and pedestrian infrastructure can reap large cardiovascular health benefits via increased physical activity. Exposure to green space has been associated with beneficial health outcomes in a growing number of epidemiological studies and meta-analyses conducted around the world. Finally, noise is an underappreciated environmental risk factor in cities which can be addressed through actions to reduce motor vehicle traffic and other noise sources. All of these environmental health pathways are supported by well-conducted epidemiological studies in multiple locales, providing quantitative exposure–response data that can be used as inputs to health impact assessments (HIAs). However, most epidemiologic evidence derives from studies in high-income countries. It is unclear to what extent such evidence is directly transferable for policies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This gap calls for a future focus on building the evidence based in LMIC cities. Finally, the literature suggests that policies are likely to be most effective when they are developed by multidisciplinary teams that include policy makers, researchers, and representatives from affected communities.

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Section: Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Health Benefits of Urban Climate Mitigation Actions: Current State of the Epidemiological Evidence and Application in Health Impact Assessments

Castillo¹,

Anenberg²,

Huxley³

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Cities

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“…BAR-HAP is very different from other energy sector planning models, such as the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning-Integrated Benefits Calculator (LEAP-IBC) and the Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Energy and Emissions Savings Calculator. LEAP-IBC, for instance, helps governments compute the greenhouse gases and short-lived climate pollutants and develop mitigation scenarios [ 21 ]. The CHP Energy and Emissions Savings Calculator meanwhile quantifies and “compares the estimated fuel consumption and air pollution emissions (CO 2 e, SO 2 and NO X ) of a CHP system and comparable separate heat and power system (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The benefits of action to reduce household air pollution (BAR-HAP) model: A new decision support tool

et al. 2021

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Cooking with polluting and inefficient fuels and technologies is responsible for a large set of global harms, ranging from health and time losses among the billions of people who are energy poor, to environmental degradation at a regional and global scale. This paper presents a new decision-support model–the BAR-HAP Tool–that is aimed at guiding planning of policy interventions to accelerate transitions towards cleaner cooking fuels and technologies. The conceptual model behind BAR-HAP lies in a framework of costs and benefits that is holistic and comprehensive, allows consideration of multiple policy interventions (subsidies, financing, bans, and behavior change communication), and realistically accounts for partial adoption and use of improved cooking technology. It incorporates evidence from recent efforts to characterize the relevant set of parameters that determine those costs and benefits, including those related to intervention effectiveness. Practical aspects of the tool were modified based on feedback from a pilot testing workshop with multisectoral users in Nepal. To demonstrate the functionality of the BAR-HAP tool, we present illustrative calculations related to several cooking transitions in the context of Nepal. In accounting for the multifaceted nature of the issue of household air pollution, the BAR-HAP model is expected to facilitate cross-sector dialogue and problem-solving to address this major health, environment and development challenge.

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“…Forecasting methods are increasingly combining satellite data with chemical transport models and reanalysis data to produce air quality forecasts at regional and global scales [13,14]. Countries, cities, or in some cases, researchers, are also investing in their own fit-for-purpose air quality forecasting and modeling tools [15,16], or adapting global models for local use [17][18][19]. Data from such systems, coupled with strategic communications, can also provide citizens usable and timely information, enabling them to limit their exposure to ambient air pollution [20].…”

Section: Data Analysis and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematizing the approach to air quality measurement and analysis in low and middle income countries

Gani

Pant

Sarkar³

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Development of the Low Emissions Analysis Platform – Integrated Benefits Calculator (LEAP-IBC) tool to assess air quality and climate co-benefits: Application for Bangladesh

Cited by 40 publications

References 58 publications

Quantifying the Health Benefits of Urban Climate Mitigation Actions: Current State of the Epidemiological Evidence and Application in Health Impact Assessments

Quantifying the Health Benefits of Urban Climate Mitigation Actions: Current State of the Epidemiological Evidence and Application in Health Impact Assessments

The benefits of action to reduce household air pollution (BAR-HAP) model: A new decision support tool

Systematizing the approach to air quality measurement and analysis in low and middle income countries

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