Development of the Primate Retinal Vasculature

Provis, Jan

doi:10.1016/s1350-9462(01)00012-x

Cited by 347 publications

(307 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The identification of vascular precursor cells in the retinas of various species supports the notion that vasculogenesis participates in the formation of the primary plexus (Chan Ling et al, 2004). However, some evidence argues in favor of angiogenesis as being the mechanism driving formation of the primary plexus (Gariano et al, 1996;Provis, 2001;Fruttiger, 2002;Rehman et al, 2003). The controversy appears to be centered around the methods used to establish the presence of the precursor cells (Chan-Ling et al, 2004;McCleod and Hasegawa, 2006;Urbich and Dimmeler, 2004).…”

Section: 21mentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Because of its location, this vessel network is often called the superficial plexus. In rodents, the development of the superficial plexus begins at birth, while in humans the process begins at about 16 weeks gestation (Provis, 2001;Saint-Geniez and D'Amore, 2004;Dorrell and Friedlander, 2006). VEGF expression in the retina is closely linked to retinal vascular development.…”

Section: 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retinal vessels extend toward the sclera until the interface of the inner nuclear layer and the photoreceptor layers is reached, where the "deepest" vessel layer develops (Hughes et al, 2000;Provis, 2001;Fruttiger, 2002;Gariano, 2003). This is followed by formation of an intermediate vessel layer at the vitread edge of the inner nuclear layer.…”

Section: 22mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Vascular endothelial growth factor in eye disease

Penn

Madan

Caldwell

et al. 2008

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

636

527

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Collectively, angiogenic ocular conditions represent the leading cause of irreversible vision loss in developed countries. In the U.S., for example, retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration are the principal causes of blindness in the infant, working age and elderly populations, respectively. Evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a 40 kDa dimeric glycoprotein, promotes angiogenesis in each of these conditions, making it a highly significant therapeutic target. However, VEGF is pleiotropic, affecting a broad spectrum of endothelial, neuronal and glial behaviors, and confounding the validity of anti-VEGF strategies, particularly under chronic disease conditions. In fact, among other functions VEGF can influence cell proliferation, cell migration, proteolysis, cell survival and vessel permeability in a wide variety of biological contexts. This article will describe the roles played by VEGF in the pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. The potential disadvantages of inhibiting VEGF will be discussed, as will the rationales for targeting other VEGF-related modulators of angiogenesis.

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Section: 21mentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Vascular endothelial growth factor in eye disease

Penn

Madan

Caldwell

et al. 2008

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

636

527

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 Nasal-temporal retinal asymmetry is absent primarily because of the contour of perifoveal vessels. Ganglion cell axon bundles and an astrocytic plexus in the nerve fibre layer (NFL) show a similar pattern (Figure 1).…”

Section: Anatomy and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As this superficial plexus reaches its peripheral most extent, it sends vertical sprouts towards outer retina to generate the plexuses bordering the INL. 1,3 In humans, formation of deeper plexuses follows the same posterior-to-anterior vector, whereas in mice deeper vessels seem to arise simultaneously from inner vessels throughout the retina. [2][3][4] Retinal vascularization begins before midgestation and is nearly complete at birth in primates, whereas in mice it begins at birth and is generally completed within 3 weeks.…”

Section: Anatomy and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Special features of human retinal angiogenesis

Gariano

2010

Eye

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This review focuses on aspects of primate retinal vasculature that are not found in lower mammals, with emphasis on development of vascular patterning, the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity. Uniquely primate features arise from primate-specific neurovascular and neuroglial relationships. Although experimentation in primate vascular development is relatively impractical, it affords insights into normal and pathological retinal angiogenesis that is difficult to approach in other ways.

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Nasotemporal Asymmetry of Retinopathy of Prematurity

Gallagher¹

2003

Arch Ophthalmol

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To quantify an apparent nasotemporal asymmetry in the location of retinopathy of prematurity with respect to the optic disc. Methods: Twenty-four-bit color images were captured using a contact digital fundus camera during routine screening. Semiautomated measurements were undertaken to determine the distance between the optic disc and retinopathy located in the nasal and temporal regions of the retina. Results: Forty-nine image pairs (17 right eye, 32 left eye) were captured from 10 infants during a period of 32 to 40 weeks postmenstrual age. For right eyes, averaged across age, the mean (SD) distance between the optic disc and temporal retinopathy was 426 (26) pixels and that between the optic disc and nasal retinopathy was 330 (26) pixels. Corresponding measurements for the left eye were 428 (30) and 332 (24) pixels. This observed asymmetry was found to be statistically significant in both left and right eyes (Mann-Whitney U test, PϽ.01). While the distance between the optic disc and retinopathy increased with age by 10 to 17 pixels per week, the extent of the asymmetry did not vary systematically with age. Conclusion: The location of retinopathy of prematurity is asymmetric along the horizontal meridian with respect to the optic disc-an observation germane to retinal vascular development, the pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity, and current disease classification by circular (symmetric) zones.

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Development of the Primate Retinal Vasculature

Cited by 347 publications

References 79 publications

Vascular endothelial growth factor in eye disease

Vascular endothelial growth factor in eye disease

Special features of human retinal angiogenesis

Nasotemporal Asymmetry of Retinopathy of Prematurity

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