Development of wind power industry in China: A comprehensive assessment

Dai, Juchuan; Yang, Xin; Wen, Li

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2018.08.044

Cited by 171 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The results show that these differences are positive and their values are in a range of 0-0.001 $/kWh, and the reduced ratio of the COE is in the range 0-1.27%. Thus, it seems that the actual wind turbines may have been optimally designed before being installed in the offshore wind farms [33][34]. On the other hand, the positive differences mean that it is necessary to simultaneously optimize the wind turbines and their layout to achieve the minimal energy cost of the offshore wind farms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing the Energy Cost of Offshore Wind Farms by Simultaneously Optimizing Wind Turbines and Their Layout

et al. 2019

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The construction and gradual installation of turbines on wind farms has been hindered by the high cost of the energy production. An effective way to minimize energy costs is via the optimal design of wind turbines and their layout, but relevant and synthetic studies are lacking. This paper proposes a method to minimize the energy cost of offshore wind farms by simultaneously optimizing the rated wind speed, the rotor radius of wind turbines and their layout. Firstly, a new, mixed mathematical formulation of the energy cost is presented, considering the Weibull distribution for wind, the characterizing parameters of wind turbines and the distance between two turbines. Secondly, to obtain the minimum energy cost, a composite optimization algorithm was developed, which consists of an iterative method and an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. The former was used to search the minimal energy costs that relate to the design parameters of a single wind turbine, while the latter was adopted for optimizing the layout of the wind turbines iteratively. Finally, the proposed method was applied to three case studies with variable wind speed and constant wind direction. Results of the case studies show that the reduced energy cost after optimization has a range of 0–0.001 $/kWh, which confirms the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Meanwhile, the layout of the wind turbines after optimization tends to locate the two wind turbines with the biggest spacing in the wind direction, which justifies the utilization of layout optimization. Furthermore, exploring the optimally designed parameters of wind turbines revealed that the wind farms with a high mean wind speed can have a wider range of turbine capacity than those with a low wind speed, which offers more freedom for the designers when constructing offshore wind farms at wind sites with rich wind resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing the Energy Cost of Offshore Wind Farms by Simultaneously Optimizing Wind Turbines and Their Layout

et al. 2019

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“…Despite the booming market of the wind industry [1][2][3], the further exploitation of wind power is still challenged by many constraints, one of which is the high levelized cost. Since reducing the vortices in the wake area of a wind turbine can improve not only the power generation efficiency but also the reliability of the turbines in the wake area, active wake management (AWM) technology has been identified as a promising way to increase the power production, reduce operation and maintenance cost, and therefore cut down the levelized cost of a wind project [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the aforementioned effort, there are still many deficiencies in understanding the effects of yaw operation due to the uncertainties of wind, the complexity of wind turbine control, and the difficulties in carrying out accurate indoor or field tests of the effects of yaw operation on wind turbine aerodynamics and performance [3,22]. In view of this, numerical research is further conducted in this paper in order to contribute to the following three aspects:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further Study on the Effects of Wind Turbine Yaw Operation for Aiding Active Wake Management

Dai

Yang

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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Active wake management (AWM) via yaw control has been discussed in recent years as a potential way to improve the power production of a wind farm. In such a technique, the wind turbines will be required to work frequently at misaligned yaw angles in order to reduce the vortices in the wake area behind the turbines. However, today, it is still not very clear about how yaw operation affects the dynamics and power generation performance of the wind turbines. To further understand the effects of yaw operation, numerical research is conducted in this paper. In the study, the optimal size of the flow field used in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculation was specifically discussed in order to obtain an efficient numerical model to quickly and accurately predict the dynamics and the performance of the turbines. Through this research, the correlation between the blade loads during yaw and non-yaw operations is established for aiding yaw control, and the blade loads and power generation performances of the wind turbine during yaw operation under different wind shear and blade deflection conditions are analyzed for understanding the effects of yaw operation. It is found that the optimal size of the flow field for performing efficient and accurate CFD calculations does exist. The misaligned yaw operation generally tends to decrease the loads acting on the blade. However, the aerodynamic energy captured by the turbine rotor and blade loads during yaw operation is not only dependent on the yaw angle of the rotor but is also affected by wind speed, rotor speed, the pitch angle of the blades, blade deflection, and wind shear. Particularly, it is interestingly found that wind shear can cause undesirable fluctuation of the power, which will challenge the power quality of the wind farm if no measures are taken.

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“…As the service year increases, the hidden defects gradually show up [2,3]. Being affected by environmental corrosion, manufacturing defects, insufficient design, aging of materials, and overload [4,5], the hidden defects eventually appear as different failure modes [6] (such as fiber fracture, matrix failure, delamination, etc.) and damage types [7] (such as adhesive joint failure between skins, sandwich panel face/core debonding, gelcoat cracks, etc.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of Stepped-Lap Scarf Joint Repair for Spar Cap Damage of Wind Turbine Blade in Service

Chen

Wang

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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The objective of this paper was to design configuration parameters for a stepped-lap scarf joint repair, which can be used for spar cap damage of a wind turbine blade in service and to realize the post-repair monitoring. Two experimental studies were included. First, tensile test for the unidirectional tape specimens with a large aspect ratio repaired using a multiple stepped-lap scarf joint method was carried out. The results showed that the reinforcement layer could effectively improve the load-carrying capacity of the repaired zone. The stepped-lap joint surface was identified as the weak part of the spar cap repair, which should be monitored. Second, by embedding carbon nanotube buckypaper sensors on the stepped-lap joint surface of the repaired specimens, quasi-static tensile tests and fatigue tests were carried out. According to the resistance response of the sensors, the quasi-static tensile test confirmed the failure processes, namely the stiffness turning point, damage evolution, crack propagation, and fracture. The fatigue test could accurately identify the progressive failure, namely the initial damage, damage accumulation, initial cracking, and crack propagation to structural failure. The above tests provided an important configuration parameter basis for evaluating the spar cap repair scheme and presented a promising method for the health monitoring of a spar cap after repair.

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Development of wind power industry in China: A comprehensive assessment

Cited by 171 publications

References 22 publications

Minimizing the Energy Cost of Offshore Wind Farms by Simultaneously Optimizing Wind Turbines and Their Layout

Minimizing the Energy Cost of Offshore Wind Farms by Simultaneously Optimizing Wind Turbines and Their Layout

Further Study on the Effects of Wind Turbine Yaw Operation for Aiding Active Wake Management

Experimental Study of Stepped-Lap Scarf Joint Repair for Spar Cap Damage of Wind Turbine Blade in Service

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