Developmental changes in foraging-predator avoidance trade-offs in larval lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus

Williams, P. James; Brown, JA

doi:10.3354/meps076053

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Furthermore, deviations from preypredator size ratio relationships could then be used to assess the potential effects of condition (e.g. Westernhagen & Rosenthal 1981) feeding condition (Williams & Brown 1990), or other features that may influence larval fish activity patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of body size to the interaction between a larval fish {Mallolus villosus) and a vertebrate predator (Gasterosteus aculeatus)

Pepin¹,

Shears²,

Lafontaine³

1992

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

113

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ABSTRACT. We investigated the influence of variations in the size of prey (Mallotus villosus) and a vertebrate predator (Gasterosteus aculeatus) on larval fish mortality rates during the period of yolk absorption using mid-size mesocosms (2.7 m". Increasing predator size increased mortality rates of capelin larvae. Variations in larval capelin size resulted in 2 distinct patterns. Between experimental trials, greater mean size of larval capelin in the mesocosm reduced mortality due to predation. Within an experimental mesocosm, larger larvae suffered higher mortality than smaller individuals. Contrasting patterns of size-dependent vulnerability to predation reflect the hierarchy of processes that determine the probability that a larval fish will be preyed upon. The broad scale response of the predator was determined by the mean relative sizes of prey and predator which govern the average probabilities of encounter, attack and capture. Within the search ambit of a predator (e.g area or volume searched within a complete diurnal foraging cycle) active prey selection for larger prey due to either greater visibility or higher energy reward was an important factor. A comparison of our results with estimated predation rates by the jellyfish Aurelia aurita indicates that at a similar size a gelatinous zooplankter consumes fewer larvae than a stickleback and is a less efficient predator as measured by the energy ingested relative to energy demands. For both vertebrate and invertebrate predators, the ratio of prey to predator lengths was a strong predictor of the daily mortality rate due to predation. Relative prey-predator sizes may provide a useful perspective to assess changes in larval fish vulnerability as they grow through a predator field. INTRODUCTIONCumulative survival during the early life history of fish is influenced by both growth and mortality rates (Houde 1987, Beyer 1989, Pepin 1991 1982, Christensen 1983, Alheit 1986, Folkvord & Hunter 1986, Pepin et al. 1987, Fuiman & Gamble 1988, Fuiman 1989 predators can feed heavily on the early life history stages of fish. Second, predation rates on fish larvae by invertebrate carnivores tend to decrease as larvae increase in size (Theilacker & Lasker 1974, Bailey 1984, Bailey & Batty 1984, Purcell et al. 1987) whereas the predation rates on fish larvae by vertebrate predators first increase as larvae increase in size (Folkvord & Hunter 1986, Pepin et al. 1987, Fuiman 1989, Fuiman & Gamble 1989) but eventually decrease as the larvae become more capable of avoiding attacks (Fuiman 1989). The pattern of vulnerability of larval fish to different predator types is O Inter-Research/Printed in Germany

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of body size to the interaction between a larval fish {Mallolus villosus) and a vertebrate predator (Gasterosteus aculeatus)

Pepin¹,

Shears²,

Lafontaine³

1992

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

113

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“…especially Laminaria (Moring & Moring 1991) or eelgrass (Moring 1989) providing shelter from predators, camouflage and allowing them to forage plankton in the pelagic zone (Moring & Moring 1991;Williams & Brown 1991). Juveniles mostly feed on phytal species with a preference for harpaticoids (genus Harpacticus) (Moring 1989).…”

Section: Feeding Habitat Preferences and Migrations Of Larval-and Jumentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of temperature and fish size on growth of juvenile lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.)

et al. 2014

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“…Hastings 1991) and lost foraging opportunities (e.g. Williams & Brown 1991). Alternatively, group tactics (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural consequences of density-dependent habitat use in juvenile cod Gadus morhua and G. ogac: the role of movement and aggregation

Laurel¹,

Gregory²,

Brown³

et al. 2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Fish behaviour can change to accommodate a variable environment, but changes in behaviour have not been considered in the context of density-dependent habitat use. In Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland, we measured how fish density movement and schooling behaviour changed with habitat in 2 gadids, Atlantic cod Gadus morhua and Greenland cod Gadus ogac, using a combination of field-seines, mark-recapture and laboratory experiments. Density estimates from seines (n = 427) over 5 yr (1996, 1998 to 2001) indicated that these species associated with eelgrass but periodically were detected in high abundance over unvegetated habitat (i.e. sand). Within-site catch variation indicated both species aggregated more in sand than eelgrass habitat, and, in Atlantic cod, aggregations over sand increased as density in eelgrass increased. Although such patterns in catch data could be interpreted as due to the effects of differential mortality between habitats, a mark-recapture experiment indicated that both species of cod were not site-attached and moved between seine locations. Furthermore, video-analysis from laboratory experiments demonstrated that cod formed tighter aggregations over sand compared to eelgrass habitats. Our results suggest that juvenile cod modify their behaviour with changing density, possibly as a means of exploiting poor-quality habitats when high-quality habitats are saturated with conspecifics. Consequently, habitat suitability for Atlantic cod may be a dynamic rather than fixed variable in density-dependent habitat models.

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Developmental changes in foraging-predator avoidance trade-offs in larval lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus

Cited by 32 publications

References 28 publications

Significance of body size to the interaction between a larval fish {Mallolus villosus) and a vertebrate predator (Gasterosteus aculeatus)

Significance of body size to the interaction between a larval fish {Mallolus villosus) and a vertebrate predator (Gasterosteus aculeatus)

The effect of temperature and fish size on growth of juvenile lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.)

Behavioural consequences of density-dependent habitat use in juvenile cod Gadus morhua and G. ogac: the role of movement and aggregation

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