Developments and Perspectives on Emerging High-Energy-Density Sodium-Metal Batteries

Wang, Yunxiao; Wang, Yanxia; Wang, Yunxia; Feng, Xiangming; Chen, Weihua; Ai, Xinping; Yang, Hanxi; Cao, Yuliang

doi:10.1016/j.chempr.2019.05.026

Cited by 149 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…The soaring demand for electric vehicles and grid‐scale energy storage today necessitates high‐capacity rechargeable batteries. [ 1–6 ] As one of the chalcogen elements, selenium (Se) has been widely investigated as a cathode material in alkali‐metal batteries due to its high theoretical capacity (678 mAh g −1 ) and comparable volumetric capacity to the alkali metal–sulfur batteries (Se, 3268 mAh cm −3 vs S, 3467 mAh cm −3 ). [ 7–9 ] The good conductivity of Se (1 × 10 −3 S m −1 ) endows it highly reactive with alkali metals through a conversion type reaction: 2M + + Se + 2e − ↔ M 2 Se, M = Li, Na.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface Engineering of MXene Composite Separator for High‐Performance Li–Se and Na–Se Batteries

Zhang

Guo

Xiong

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

108

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However, the development of metal-Se batteries has been blocked by the severe shuttle effect of polyselenides, particularly in ether-based electrolyte, where the polyselenides diffuse across the separator and react with the metal anode. [12,13] Tremendous efforts have been devoted to the design of advanced cathode host materials to mitigate the shuttle effect. [14,15] These designed cathode strategies include: employing porous carbon materials as the hosts; [7,[16][17][18][19] coating the cathode materials with graphene, metal oxide, or conductive polymers; [20][21][22][23][24] and heteroatoms doping. [25][26][27] However, these cathode engineering would inevitably reduce the mass ratio of selenium by introducing additional components, leading to decreased energy density. [28] Recently, functional separators have been prepared to inhibit the shuttle effect in Se-or S-based batteries. [17,[29][30][31][32][33][34] For example, MXenes (M n+1 X n T x , where M = transition metal, X = carbon/nitrogen, n = 1, 2, and 3, and T x represents surface functional groups) modified separators have been proved to be effective in suppressing the shuttle effect due to their anisotropic shape and large 2D dimensions that increases the diffusion pathway of polysulfide/polyselenide species. [35][36][37] In addition, MXene shows strong adsorption to polysulfides due to the Lewis acid-base interaction between polysulfides and Ti sites, [38,39] which may also work for polyselenides. Nazar and co-workers have shown that the surface environment on MXene enhances such Lewis acid-base chemisorption via thiosulfate formation. [38] However, this enhanced adsorption undergoes a two-step process with sluggish kinetics. Although the shuttle effect can be mitigated, the battery showed slow redox reaction, especially under high current densities. In addition, the MXene nanosheets also suffer from restacking and poor electrolyte affinities due to the van der Waals (vdW) forces and rich hydrophilic surface groups (OH and F), respectively. [40,41] It is well known that the hydrophilic groups on MXene have low compatibility to organic electrolyte. [42] The inferior separator-electrolyte contact will lead to a poor solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) and slow electrolyte infiltration process. [43] Herein, we developed a novel self-assembled cetrimonium bromide (CTAB)/carbon nanotube (CNT)/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene Selenium (Se), due to its high electronic conductivity and high energy density, has recently attracted considerable interest as a cathode material for rechargeable Li/Na batteries. However, the poor cycling stability originating from the severe shuttle effect of polyselenides hinders their practical applications. Herein, highly stable Li/Na-Se batteries are developed using ultrathin (≈270 nm, loading of 0.09 mg cm −2 ) cetrimonium bromide (CTAB)/carbon nanotube (CNT)/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene hybrid modified polypropylene (PP) (CCNT/ MXene/PP) separators. The hybrid separator can immobilize the polyselenides via enhanced Lewis acid-base interactions betwee...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface Engineering of MXene Composite Separator for High‐Performance Li–Se and Na–Se Batteries

Zhang

Guo

Xiong

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

108

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“…[ 1 ] Metallic Na has a high theoretical capacity of 1166 mAh g −1 and a low redox potential of −2.71 V versus standard hydrogen electrode, thus enabling high energy density battery chemistry when paired with sulfur and oxygen cathodes. [ 2 ] Similar to Li, the practical application of Na anode has been plagued by dendrite growth and parasitic reaction problems as well. [ 1a ] The dendrite growth primarily results from uneven Na ions distribution, high local current density, and heterogeneous nucleation and deposition of Na, while the parasitic reactions are mainly caused by the high chemical and electrochemical reactivity of Na.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium Deposition with a Controlled Location and Orientation for Dendrite‐Free Sodium Metal Batteries

Wang

Matios

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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electrochemical reactivity of Na. [3] Meanwhile, Na ion (1.02 Å) has much larger radius than that of Li ion (0.76 Å), which results in the sluggish kinetics for Na transport and deposition. [1b,3d,4] With similar working principles to Li metal batteries, numerous strategies on Na metal anode stabilization emulated from the Li metal anode studies have been proposed to address the above issues, such as engineering 3D scaffold substrate, [3e,5] employing artificial solid electrolyte interphase, [3b,6] and choosing suitable electrolyte additives. [7] Recently, lithiophilic metals such as Au, that can form alloy with Li, have been introduced as heterogeneous seeds to control the Li deposition and lower Li deposition barrier. [8] Moreover, Au is coated on the bottom side of scaffold to guide Li deposition with the direction away from the separator, thus avoiding the dendrite-induced short circuits. [8a,c] Inspired by these works, herein we coat sodiophilic metals on the bottom sides (closing to battery case) of a series of 3D substrates, seeking for an optimal location and orientation of Na deposition. Similar to lithiophilic metals, the sodiophilic metals should has ability to alloy with Na, such as Sn and Au. [9] Meanwhile, according to our previous works, [4,10] the nucleation barrier of Na on Sn-based substrate is low, which benefits to guide the Na deposition and thus is selected as the source of coating layer. In this study, conductive matrix (i.e., carbon cloth and cupper foam) and insulative scaffold (i.e., polyacrylonitrile fiber (PAN) and filter paper) are investigated as a 3D substrate in order to suppress the dendrite growth by lowering the local current density. Surprisingly, we observed significantly different phenomena for Na compared to Li. When conductive matrix is used, unlike Li deposition on the Au bottom coated scaffold that takes place on the bottom Au guide layer and grows away from the separator, [8a,c] most of the Na deposits on the top side rather than the bottom side of the scaffold, let alone deposits along the direction away from the separator (Figure 1a). In contrast, when the substrate is insulative, Na deposits on the bottom Sn layer first and then tends to grow toward the separator (from bottom to top) instead of away from the separator (Figure 1b). This difference of the deposition behavior between Na and Li may be ascribed to the larger ion radius of Na that leads to sluggish kinetics for transport and deposition. [1b,3d] Na deposition with the direction from bottom to top in insulative substrate endows Na with being confined within the 3D

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“…Various types of materials [19][20][21][22][23], such as hard carbon [19], alloy-based materials [24,25], organic compounds [26,27], and metal sulfides [28], have been widely investigated as anodes for SIBs. Hard carbon is one of the promising anode materials for commercial production because of its cost effectiveness and simple processing technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PAANa-induced ductile SEI of bare micro-sized FeS enables high sodium-ion storage performance

et al. 2020

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High-capacity metal chalcogenides often suffer from low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) and serious capacity fading owing to the shuttle effect and volumetric expansion. Various carbon-coating and fixing methods were used to improve the above-mentioned performance. However, the synthesis processes of them are complex and time-consuming, limiting their engineering applications. Herein, polar polymer binder sodium polyacrylate (PAANa) is selected as an example to solve the problems of metal chalcogenides (bare micro-sized FeS) without any modification of the active materials. The special function of the polymer binder in the interface between the active material particles and the electrolytes demonstrates that a PAANa-induced network structure on the surface of ion sulfide microparticles not only buffers the mechanical stress of particles during discharging-charging, but also participates in forming a ductile solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) with high interfacial ion transportation and enhanced ICE. The cyclic stability and rate performance can be simultaneously improved. This work not only provides a new understanding of the binder on electrode, but also introduces a new way to improve the performance of batteries.

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Developments and Perspectives on Emerging High-Energy-Density Sodium-Metal Batteries

Cited by 149 publications

References 100 publications

Interface Engineering of MXene Composite Separator for High‐Performance Li–Se and Na–Se Batteries

Interface Engineering of MXene Composite Separator for High‐Performance Li–Se and Na–Se Batteries

Sodium Deposition with a Controlled Location and Orientation for Dendrite‐Free Sodium Metal Batteries

PAANa-induced ductile SEI of bare micro-sized FeS enables high sodium-ion storage performance

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