Developments for Collagen Hydrolysate in Biological, Biochemical, and Biomedical Domains: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

The collagen hydrolysate, a proteinic biopeptide, is used for various key functionalities in humans and animals. Numerous reviews explained either individually or a few of following aspects: types, processes, properties, and applications. In the recent developments, various biological, biochemical, and biomedical functionalities are achieved in five aspects: process, type, species, disease, receptors. The receptors are rarely addressed in the past which are an essential stimulus to activate various biomedical and biological activities in the metabolic system of humans and animals. Furthermore, a systematic segregation of the recent developments regarding the five main aspects is not yet reported. This review presents various biological, biochemical, and biomedical functionalities achieved for each of the beforementioned five aspects using a systematic approach. The review proposes a novel three-level hierarchy that aims to associate a specific functionality to a particular aspect and its subcategory. The hierarchy also highlights various key research novelties in a categorical manner that will contribute to future research.

Oral intake of collagen peptide NS improves hydration, elasticity, desquamation, and wrinkling in human skin: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that oral intake of enzymatically hydrolyzed collagen peptides can have positive effects on skin health, such as dermal ECM generation, fibroblast growth, antioxidation, recovery, elasticity, and wrinkle reduction [6][7][8][9][10] . Particularly, gelatin-and collagenoriented hydrolysates are widely applied these days and produced in a variety of fields, such as the fields of functional foods, nutraceuticals, medical supplies, and the biotech industry [11][12][13] . The molecular weight of gelatin, a water-soluble polymer, is considerably higher than that of collagen hydrolysates, and it is produced by enzymatically hydrolyzing collagen that is normally used as a food ingredient and delivery carrier for the regulated distribution of bioactivities [14][15][16][17] .…”

“…The molecular weight of gelatin, a water-soluble polymer, is considerably higher than that of collagen hydrolysates, and it is produced by enzymatically hydrolyzing collagen that is normally used as a food ingredient and delivery carrier for the regulated distribution of bioactivities [14][15][16][17] . When the high molecular weight of gelatin is hydrolyzed by treating a particular fungal or bacterial protease, the outputs, small molecular weight peptides, are conveniently called collagen hydrolysate 11,12,18 . There is growing evidence indicating that collagen peptides improve not only human skin indicators associated with aging, such as hydration, wrinkles, and elasticity, but also the antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) 19 .…”

“…[6][7][8][9][10] Particularly, gelatin-and collagen-oriented hydrolysates are widely applied these days and are produced in a variety of fields, such as functional foods, nutraceuticals, medical supplies, and the biotech industry. [11][12][13] The molecular weight of gelatin, a water-soluble polymer, is considerably higher than that of collagen hydrolysates, and it is produced by enzymatically hydrolyzing collagen that is normally used as a food ingredient and delivery carrier for the regulated distribution of bioactivities. [14][15][16][17] When the high molecular weight gelatin is hydrolyzed by treating with a particular fungal or bacterial protease, the outputs, small molecular weight peptides, are conveniently called collagen hydrolysates.…”

“…[14][15][16][17] When the high molecular weight gelatin is hydrolyzed by treating with a particular fungal or bacterial protease, the outputs, small molecular weight peptides, are conveniently called collagen hydrolysates. 11,12,18 There is growing evidence indicating that collagen peptides improve not only human skin indicators associated with aging, such as hydration, wrinkles, and elasticity, but also the antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). 19 They also reduce skin cellulite 20 and osteoporosis and joint pain [21][22][23] and have a positive effect on hair follicles and cell proliferation.…”

Effects of Collagen‐Tripeptide and Galacto‐oligosaccharide Mixture on Skin Photoaging Inhibition in UVB‐exposed Hairless Mice

“…Interest in inner beauty foods is increasing to maintain healthy skin, and research has been actively conducted to identify ingredients for inner beauty foods. Peptides derived from protein hydrolysis, particularly collagen hydrolysis, have been used as potential molecules for wrinkle improvement, moisturization and increased elasticity and analyzed for specific skin effects (1,2).…”