Devonian and Carboniferous Carbonate Platform Facies in the Bolshoi Karatau, Southern Kazakhstan: Outcrop Analogs for Coeval Carbonate Oil and Gas Fields in the North Caspian Basin, Western Kazakhstan

“…17). In other low-latitude settings, persistent high-amplitude (30 to >150 m) glacioeustasy throughout middle Mississippian to early Permian time has been extrapolated from the relief on unconformities and juxtaposed facies in cyclothems, and the geochemical records of their biotic components (e.g., Heckel, 1977Heckel, , 1986Heckel, , 1994Adlis et al, 1988;Horbury, 1989;Soreghan and Giles, 1999a;Smith and Read, 2000;Wright and Vanstone, 2001;Cook et al, 2002;Joachimski et al, 2006). In contrast, high-latitude sedimentary records suggest multiple, smaller ice sheets that waxed and waned to varying degrees at different times, leading to alternating long-lived intervals of glacial maxima and minima (Isbell et al, 2003a(Isbell et al, , 2003b(Isbell et al, , 2008a(Isbell et al, , 2008bMontañez et al, 2007;Fielding et al, 2008aFielding et al, , 2008bCaputo et al, 2008).…”

Section: Implications For Reconstructing the Late Paleozoic Record Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The persistence of cyclothems in upper Mississippian through lower Permian successions has been argued as evidence for repeated short-term (20-400 k.y. ), high-amplitude (30 to >150 m) sea-level changes, and in turn the persistence of large-scale continental glaciation throughout an ~50 m.y period of the Carboniferous-Permian (Heckel, 1977(Heckel, , 1986(Heckel, , 1994(Heckel, , 2002Veevers and Powell, 1987;Horbury, 1989;Frakes et al, 1992;Soreghan and Giles, 1999a;Smith and Read, 2000;Cook et al, 2002;Zempolich et al, 2002;Heckel et al, 2007). This paradigm has been challenged by emerging near-fi eld records.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Carboniferous climate change, Arrow Canyon, Nevada

2010

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The Phanerozoic's longest-lived and most widespread glaciation, the late Paleozoic ice age, is undergoing a resurgence in interest. Long-held models of the timing, duration, and magnitude of glaciation are being reevaluated due to emerging evidence from former high latitudes, evidence that the late Paleozoic ice age was punctuated by long-lived glacial minima or possibly ice-free times.The history of the late Paleozoic ice age is archived within the biostratigraphically well-constrained, carbonate-dominated succession of Arrow Canyon, Nevada, United States. In this paleo-tropical succession, the distribution of lithofacies, fl ooding surfaces, and subaerial exposure horizons and their stacking into meter-scale cycles record a detailed climate history. The onset of this phase of glaciation during the middle Mississippian was followed by a dynamic evolution of glacioeustasy through the late Mississippian to late Pennsylvanian. Moderate-to high-amplitude glacioeustasy was likely interrupted by an earliest Pennsylvanian short-lived glacial minimum, but otherwise appears to have persisted through the middle Pennsylvanian.Upper Pennsylvanian strata record lowto moderate-amplitude relative sea-level changes, suggesting a long-lived interval of diminished ice volume. This proposed glacial minimum is coincident with a notable minimum in glaciogenic sedimentation near the former southern pole, aridifi cation across paleo-tropical Pangea, and signifi cant fl oral and faunal turnover, suggesting a link between tropical environmental change and high-latitude glaciation. These conclusions, however, are at odds with those traditionally inferred from Euramerican cyclothems, i.e., persistent high-amplitude glacioeustasy driven by a single, large ice sheet. Rather, the Arrow Canyon archive of varying depositional facies and cycle stacking patterns records major changes in the magnitude of short-term glacioeustasy. This fi nding contributes to recent and growing near-and farfi eld evidence for a more dynamic glaciation history than previously inferred from the classic Euramerican cyclothems.

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“…Similar facies also continue NW in the Bolshoi Karatau Range and in the subsurface of the Tourghai Basin (Abdulin et al 1986;Cook et al 1995Cook et al , 2002bFig. 1).…”

Section: Regional Tectonic Features and Stratigraphic Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Red conglomerates and sandstones named the Tyul'kubash Formation (Weber 1925) represent a prominent and widespread unit in the Middle Tien Shan and extend a distance of over 1200 km from the Sarydjaz in the east to the Karatau Range in the west (Weber 1925;Osmonbetov et al 1982;Cook et al 2002b). They rest with a low-angle unconformity on Middle Ordovician sandstones or with sharp unconformity on Precambrian rocks.…”

Section: Givetian and Frasnian Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The stratigraphic, sedimentological and structural evolution of the southern margin of the Kazakhstan continent in the Tien Shan Range during the Devonian to Permian

Алексеев

Cook

Djenchuraeva³

et al. 2015

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The passive margin carbonate platform in the Middle Tien Shan rests on Givetian-Frasnian red siliciclastic strata. It evolved from an attached carbonate platform in the Famennian and early Tournaisian to an isolated carbonate platform in the late Tournaisian to early Bashkirian. The open-ocean side of the platform was reef-rimmed, whereas the continental side was both reefand shoal-rimmed. Platform interiors exhibit low-energy facies during the Famennian to early Visean and high-energy facies during the late Visean to Bashkirian. Eustatic sea-level rises in the middle Tournaisian, early Visean and near the Visean and Serpukhovian boundary caused major reorganizations in platform architecture.Deformation in the middle Bashkirian reflects the onset of a convergent margin. Flexural loading by an orogenic thrust wedge controlled basin subsidence along the southern edge of the Middle Tien Shan in the Late Pennsylvanian to Asselian. Cessation of deposition in the Asselian followed by folding and granitoid plutonism reflects the onset of a rigid collision.Devonian to Permian carbonates represent outcrop analogues of coeval oil-and gas-rich carbonate platforms in the North Caspian basin and can be used for comparative and predictive sedimentological studies. Palaeozoic carbonate reservoir facies may host subsurface Cenozoic oil fields in the Fergana Basin.

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Devonian and Carboniferous Carbonate Platform Facies in the Bolshoi Karatau, Southern Kazakhstan: Outcrop Analogs for Coeval Carbonate Oil and Gas Fields in the North Caspian Basin, Western Kazakhstan

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Late Paleozoic evolution of the South Tien Shan: Insights from P–T estimates and allanite geochronology on retrogressed eclogites (Chatkal range, Kyrgyzstan)

Late Paleozoic evolution of the South Tien Shan: Insights from P–T estimates and allanite geochronology on retrogressed eclogites (Chatkal range, Kyrgyzstan)

Dynamic Carboniferous climate change, Arrow Canyon, Nevada

The stratigraphic, sedimentological and structural evolution of the southern margin of the Kazakhstan continent in the Tien Shan Range during the Devonian to Permian

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