DG and protection systems in distribution network: Failure monitoring system based on petri nets

Abstract

The paper deals with the problems that can rise in protection systems of the distribution networks in presence of Distributed Generation (DG). A mathematical formalism is introduced to model protection trip problems in radial distribution networks and a procedure to monitor failures of the protection systems based on Petri Nets and a simple matrices manipulation is presented. Such procedure allows designing a tool for a centralized monitoring system of a power protection scheme. In the paper also an architecture to support the tool is proposed and two case studies are simulated on a real Italian distribution network. The proposed approach represents an interesting solution to improve reliability into distribution systems in presence of DG.

Failure Identification in Smart Grids Based on Petri Net Modeling

“…The method has already been used in [20] and [21] and is detailed in [29] and [30]. Here, only the features required for reproducing the results obtained in subsequent sections are reported.…”

“…Such a procedure can be applied to any power system model previously introduced in order to monitor the PN evolution (as long as the status-number of tokens at each place-becomes periodically available). As mentioned earlier, the number of (place and transition) faults that can be detected/identified depends on the rank properties of matrix [D − C * I d ] [21], [29].…”

“…The D and C * matrices are designed so that the syndrome vectors in (6) and (7) are unique for any single place fault or single transition fault [20], [21]. With these choices, matrices Γ − and Γ + in (3) become We now follow the evolution of the PPN model associated to the protection system 11.…”

“…The design of the PN model is carried out by systematically composing multiple PN models for single protection systems and current detectors: Such an approach allows also the identification of the faults in the distribution system despite possible strong penetration of DG. This makes the proposed approach substantially different from those adopted in [20] and [21], where only the failure detection algorithm has been considered without giving the opportunity to identify the fault location. In order to validate the proposed method, simulations on typical distribution systems are carried out.…”

A Petri Net-Based Software Synchronizer for Automatic Measurement Systems

“…Recently, they have been the focus of scientific interest in 1) evaluating CAN-bus performance [13]; 2) monitoring systems based on microcontrollers [14]; 3) failure monitoring systems for protection in distribution network [15], [16]; 4) modeling and analyzing test systems [17]; 5) detecting and diagnosing faults in industrial environment [18]; and 6) some measuring medical applications [19]. PN algorithms have also been successfully used in the design of distributed measurement systems [20] or, more specifically, in modeling its data acquisition modules [21].…”