Diabetic Macular Edema

Bodnar, Zachary; Desai, Ankit A.; Akduman, Levent

doi:10.1007/978-81-322-3610-8_8

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Importantly, the loss of the barrier integrity is also associated with neovascularization because of the absence of the characteristic blood-barrier structure in the new vessels [ 16 ]. The breakdown of the inner BRB is inevitably followed by vascular leakage and macular edema, which affects visual function and retinal cell health [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: The Blood Retinal Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Oxidative Stress on Blood-Retinal Barrier Physiology in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Tisi

Feligioni

Passacantando

et al. 2021

Cells

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The blood retinal barrier (BRB) is a fundamental eye component, whose function is to select the flow of molecules from the blood to the retina and vice-versa, and its integrity allows the maintenance of a finely regulated microenvironment. The outer BRB, composed by the choriocapillaris, the Bruch’s membrane, and the retinal pigment epithelium, undergoes structural and functional changes in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness worldwide. BRB alterations lead to retinal dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Several risk factors have been associated with AMD onset in the past decades and oxidative stress is widely recognized as a key factor, even if the exact AMD pathophysiology has not been exactly elucidated yet. The present review describes the BRB physiology, the BRB changes occurring in AMD, the role of oxidative stress in AMD with a focus on the outer BRB structures. Moreover, we propose the use of cerium oxide nanoparticles as a new powerful anti-oxidant agent to combat AMD, based on the relevant existing data which demonstrated their beneficial effects in protecting the outer BRB in animal models of AMD.

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Section: The Blood Retinal Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Oxidative Stress on Blood-Retinal Barrier Physiology in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Tisi

Feligioni

Passacantando

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…Macular edema is the common cause of vision loss in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) 1) and diabetic macular edema (DME). 2) An accumulation of fluid from hyperpermeable blood vessels induces retinal edema. The fluid primarily accumulates in the inner nuclear layer (INL) and outer plexiform layer (OPL) in retinas with RVO resulting of visual dysfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arctigenin Prevents Retinal Edema in a Murine Retinal Vein Occlusion Model

Hidaka

Nakamura

Nishinaka

et al. 2023

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Macular edema causes vision loss in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and diabetic macular edema (DME). The intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents is used for treatment; however, this therapy is invasive, and recurrence occurs in some cases. The establishment of a non-invasive treatment would help to solve these problems. Here, we focused on arctigenin, a lignan polyphenol found in burdock sprout, and has effects on inflammatory and microcirculatory when taken orally. We hypothesized that oral intake of arctigenin could be effective against retinal edema in RVO and DME. In this study, the degree of retinal edema by measuring the total retinal thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the thickness of the inner nuclear layer (INL) by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining were investigated. Oral administration of arctigenin ameliorated retinal edema in an RVO murine model by inhibiting the decrease in occludin and vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin. Moreover, in retinas with edema, arctigenin suppressed the induction of VEGF, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9). Next, the effects of arctigenin on barrier function were assessed in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) by measuring the trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and conducting fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran permeability assays. Arctigenin showed a protective effect against VEGF-induced barrier dysfunction. In addition, arctigenin inhibited the TNFα-mediated activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB)/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. These results suggested that oral administration of arctigenin has beneficial effects on retinal edema by inhibiting vascular hyperpermeability in endothelial cells.

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“…Macular edema is one of the major pathologies in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) 1) and diabetic macular edema (DME). 2) Macular edema is caused by leakage from damaged blood vessels, which leads to vision loss. 3) The formation of retinal edema is closely associated with the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intake of <i>Lactobacillus Pentosus TJ515</i> Prevents the Formation of Retinal Edema in Retinal Vein Occlusion Model Mice

et al. 2023

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Macular edema is a sight-threatening symptom in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and diabetic retinopathy. It is treated by the intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents, but this has a physical burden on patients. Thus, it is important to develop a treatment that can be administered orally. The probiotic Lactobacillus pentosus TJ515 can reduce inflammation by regulating host immunity via its induction of interleukin-10 (IL-10). However, its action on inflammatory diseases of the retina remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of L. pentosus TJ515 intake on retinal edema using RVO model mice. Occlusion of the retinal vein led to an increase in the thickness of all retinal layers and the inner nuclear layer. Intake of L. pentosus TJ515 for three weeks suppressed the formation of retinal edema versus vehicle and the control strain (L. pentosus JCM1558). The expression of MCP-1 and MCP-3 was increased in RVO model mice but suppressed by the intake of L. pentosus TJ515. F4/80-positive cells (i.e., activated macrophages) were increased in the retinas of RVO model mice but decreased by the intake of L. pentosus TJ515. Therefore, L. pentosus TJ515 suppressed macrophage migration in the retinas. Treatment of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) with plasma from mice that had ingested L. pentosus TJ515 decreased the mRNA expression of IL-6 and increased the mRNA expression of IL-10. Thus, oral intake of L. pentosus TJ515 can prevent retinal edema through its anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages and inhibiting effects on macrophage migration.

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Diabetic Macular Edema

Cited by 6 publications

References 43 publications

The Impact of Oxidative Stress on Blood-Retinal Barrier Physiology in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

The Impact of Oxidative Stress on Blood-Retinal Barrier Physiology in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Arctigenin Prevents Retinal Edema in a Murine Retinal Vein Occlusion Model

Intake of <i>Lactobacillus Pentosus TJ515</i> Prevents the Formation of Retinal Edema in Retinal Vein Occlusion Model Mice

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