Diagnosing oceanic nutrient deficiency

Moore, C. Mark

doi:10.1098/rsta.2015.0290

Cited by 38 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 118 publications

(291 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…a), to year‐round N limitation in the subtropical gyre to the south (Graziano et al ; Blain et al ; Moore et al , ; Nielsdóttir et al 2009; Ryan‐Keogh et al ). Accordingly, transitions in the primary limiting nutrients, between either N or Fe, were in turn predictable on the basis of the initial concentrations of nitrate alone, the dissolved ratio of nitrate to Fe (i.e., N:Fe), or calculated values of Fe* (see Table ; Browning et al , , ; Moore ). Conditions approaching N‐Fe co‐limitation were also apparent in Experiments 2 and 6 (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, low concentrations of Si have been implicated as limiting to diatoms, and zinc (Zn), cobalt (Co), and vitamin B 12 depletion have been suggested as potentially having coregulatory roles (Lochte et al ; Sieracki et al ; Ellwood and van den Berg , ; Allen et al ; Henson et al ; Panzeca et al ; Leblanc et al ; Martin et al ). Supporting the potential for multiple resource controls, recent GEOTRACES surveys suggest that multiple macro and micronutrients could be simultaneously approaching springtime codeficiency in North Atlantic seawater (Moore ). In summary, while transient blooms of diatoms might be critical for carbon and nutrient budgets in the North Atlantic, evidence is lacking to support specific constraints on their growth.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic

Browning

Al‐Hashem

Hopwood

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The duration and magnitude of the North Atlantic spring bloom impacts both higher trophic levels and oceanic carbon sequestration. Nutrient exhaustion offers a general explanation for bloom termination, but detail on which nutrients and their relative influence on phytoplankton productivity, community structure, and physiology is lacking. Here, we address this using nutrient addition bioassay experiments conducted across the midlatitude North Atlantic in June 2017 (late spring). In four out of six experiments, phytoplankton accumulated over 48–72 h following individual additions of either iron (Fe) or nitrogen (N). In the remaining two experiments, Fe and N were serially limiting, that is, their combined addition sequentially enhanced phytoplankton accumulation. Silicic acid (Si) added in combination with N + Fe led to further chlorophyll a (Chl a) enhancement at two sites. Conversely, addition of zinc, manganese, cobalt, vitamin B12, or phosphate in combination with N + Fe did not. At two sites, the simultaneous supply of all six nutrients, in combination with N + Fe, also led to no further Chl a enhancement, but did result in an additional 30–60% particulate carbon accumulation. This particulate carbon accumulation was not matched by a Redfield equivalent of particulate N, characteristic of high C:N organic exudates that enhance cell aggregation and sinking. Our results suggest that growth rates of larger phytoplankton were primarily limited by Fe and/or N, making the availability of these nutrients the main bottom‐up factors contributing to spring bloom termination. In addition, the simultaneous availability of other nutrients could modify bloom characteristics and carbon export efficiency.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic

Browning

Al‐Hashem

Hopwood

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These extended Redfield biomass stoichiometries that include trace elements (sensu Morel & Hudson, 1985) are more variable than macronutrient stoichiometries. Trace element biomass stoichiometries are of significant interest due to the numerous links between trace element availability (most notably that of Fe), marine ecosystem state, and ocean productivity (Moore, 2016;Moore et al, 2013). Like many oceanographic parameters, direct measurements of particle-centric processes and particle composition are difficult to acquire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposing the Distributions and Elemental Associations of Scavenged Particulate Phases in the Ocean Using Basin‐Scale Multi‐Element Data Sets

Ohnemus

Torrie

Twining

2019

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The GEOTRACES program has greatly increased basin‐scale concentration measurements for a large number of elements in the ocean, both constraining external sources and internal sinks and exposing complex internal cycles of trace elements. Our conceptual frameworks for marine trace element cycling, however, often remain simplified as the production and remineralization of phytoplankton biomass. Despite their complexity, or perhaps because of it, trace element cycles are often predominantly considered as an extension of traditional Redfield macronutrient ratios to C or P. Here we utilize extensive data sets of particulate trace element concentrations from GEOTRACES section cruises in the South Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans to look for evidence of the internal cycles of multiple trace elements without requiring normalization to phytoplankton biomass. Using both traditional and expanded power law regression analyses and multi‐element factor analysis, we expose the internal distributions of six authigenic, biogenic, and lithogenic particulate phases and their multi‐element associations. Critically, no particulate trace element is observed to behave identically to P. Observations include a scavenged Fe phase with a slight surface maximum, which increases linearly with depth below ~ 300 m and which appears to co‐scavenge Cu, V, and La. Particulate Co is found to be associated with phytoplankton, Mn‐biooxides just below the mixed layer, and with a putative heterotrophic phase observed in the surface and at depth. We present an expanded conceptual framework for particulate trace element cycling that has explicit roles for these multiple particulate phases.

show abstract

“…Regions like the Southern Ocean that are strongly influenced by upwelling are for this reason often iron-limited (Moore, 2016), 5 leading to large amounts of 'unused DIC' (order of 95 μmol kg -1 in the Southern Ocean - Fig. 9) accompanying unused macronutrients.…”

Section: Effect (① Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, iron is typically much scarcer in deep waters than are macronutrients, relative to phytoplankton need (Moore, 2016).…”

Section: Effect (① Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

What drives the latitudinal gradient in open ocean surface dissolved inorganic carbon concentration?

Wu¹,

Hain²,

Humphreys³

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Previous work has not led to a clear understanding of the causes of spatial pattern in global surface ocean DIC, which generally increases polewards. Here, we revisit this question by investigating the drivers of observed latitudinal 10 gradients in surface salinity-normalized DIC (nDIC) using the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project Version 2 (GLODAPv2) database. We used the database to test three different hypotheses for the driver producing the observed increase in surface nDIC from low to high latitudes. These are: (1) sea surface temperature, through its effect on the CO2 system equilibrium constants, (2) salinity-related total alkalinity (TA), and (3) high latitude upwelling of DIC-and TA-rich deep waters. We find that temperature and upwelling are the two major drivers. TA effects generally oppose the observed gradient, except where 15 higher values are introduced in upwelled waters. Temperature-driven effects explains the majority of the surface nDIC latitudinal gradient (182 out of 223 μmol kg -1 in the high-latitude Southern Ocean). Upwelling, which has not previously been considered as a major driver, additionally drives a substantial latitudinal gradient. Its immediate impact, prior to any induced air-sea CO2 exchange, is to raise Southern Ocean nDIC by 208 μmol kg -1 above the average low latitude value. However, this immediate effect is transitory. The long-term impact of upwelling (brought about by increasing TA), which would persist even 20 if gas exchange were to return the surface ocean to the same CO2 as without upwelling, is to increase nDIC by 74 μmol kg -1 above the low latitude average.

show abstract

Diagnosing oceanic nutrient deficiency

Abstract: One contribution of 20 to a discussion meeting issue 'Biological and climatic impacts of ocean trace element chemistry'.

Cited by 38 publications

References 118 publications

Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic

Nutrient regulation of late spring phytoplankton blooms in the midlatitude North Atlantic

Exposing the Distributions and Elemental Associations of Scavenged Particulate Phases in the Ocean Using Basin‐Scale Multi‐Element Data Sets

What drives the latitudinal gradient in open ocean surface dissolved inorganic carbon concentration?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About