Diagnosis of typhoid fever using a string capsule device

Benavente, Luis; Gotuzzo, Eduardo; Guerra, Jorge; Grados, O; Guerra, Humberto; Bravo, N.

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(84)90134-2

Cited by 36 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Culture of bile obtained from an overnight duodenal string capsule provides a sensitivity similar to that for blood culture and offers an additional means to isolate typhoidal Salmonella from patients or carriers. Young children and those with severe disease may be unable to tolerate the procedure (215,230,236). A positive culture from feces, duodenal contents, or urine requires cautious interpretation.…”

Section: Bacterial Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Laboratory Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Antimicrobial Management of Invasive Salmonella Infections

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY Salmonella enterica infections are common causes of bloodstream infection in low-resource areas, where they may be difficult to distinguish from other febrile illnesses and may be associated with a high case fatality ratio. Microbiologic culture of blood or bone marrow remains the mainstay of laboratory diagnosis. Antimicrobial resistance has emerged in Salmonella enterica , initially to the traditional first-line drugs chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Decreased fluoroquinolone susceptibility and then fluoroquinolone resistance have developed in association with chromosomal mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region of genes encoding DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV and also by plasmid-mediated resistance mechanisms. Resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins has occurred more often in nontyphoidal than in typhoidal Salmonella strains. Azithromycin is effective for the management of uncomplicated typhoid fever and may serve as an alternative oral drug in areas where fluoroquinolone resistance is common. In 2013, CLSI lowered the ciprofloxacin susceptibility breakpoints to account for accumulating clinical, microbiologic, and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic data suggesting that revision was needed for contemporary invasive Salmonella infections. Newly established CLSI guidelines for azithromycin and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi were published in CLSI document M100 in 2015.

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Section: Bacterial Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Laboratory Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Antimicrobial Management of Invasive Salmonella Infections

et al. 2015

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“…Duodenal content cultures have been proved to be more sensitive (86%) in diagnosis than bone marrow (75%) and more effective than blood (42%) and stool (26%) cultures in recovery of S. typhi. The sensitivity of duodenal content cultures was found not modified by the duration of illness at admission or by previous antibacterial therapy 27 . Culture of duodenal aspirate is important in the detection of typhoid carriage.…”

Section: Duodenal String: Capsule Culturementioning

confidence: 79%

Laboratory Diagnosis of Enteric Fever: A Review Update

Sultana¹,

Maruf²,

Sultana³

et al. 2017

Bangladesh J. Infect. Dis.

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The diagnosis of typhoid fever on clinical presentations alone is difficult, as the presenting symptoms are diverse and similar to those observed with other febrile illnesses, especially during the first weeks of the infection. Therefore, laboratory-based investigations are essential for supporting the diagnosis of the disease. The "gold standard" for diagnosis of typhoid fever is the isolation of Salmonella typhi from appropriate samples including blood, bone marrow aspirates, stool, urine and rose spots. This facility is not available in many areas where the disease is endemic. Serodiagnosis depends upon the 100-year-old Widal test, and other serological diagnostic tools have limitations because of their low sensitivity and/or specificity. The development of molecular methods for diagnosis of infectious diseases, including typhoid fever has improved the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis. One of the molecular methods, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most sensitive and rapid method to detect microbial pathogens in clinical specimens. Antigen detection has not been investigated for well over three decades and detecting an immune response specific for typhoid fever has been done only with antibody detection. There is an urgent need for the rational design and evaluation of effective and appropriate diagnostics for typhoid fever which must include the emerging threat of S. typhi. However, monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility patterns will ensure that signs of developing resistance are detected early and that the appropriate action is taken. Therefore, this present review has been designed to describe the different diagnostic procedure of typhoid fever. [Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2016;3(2):43-51]

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“…18 The main Culprit organism is salmonella typhi .Contaminated food, water and poor hygiene is the main source of infection. About 13-17 million people are affected all over the world, resulting in 600,000 death every year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typhoid Fever

Naeem¹,

Abid²,

Abid³

2018

TPMJ

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ABSTRACT… Typhoid fever caused by Salmonella Typhi, is the most common gastrointestinal infectious disease affecting all over the world particularly in Asia where more than 13 millions peoples are affected. Six hundred thousand (600.0000) death occur annually all over the world. Nearly eighty percent (80%) occur in Asia. The main source of infection is contaminated food, water and poor hygiene. Monotherapy, emerging drug resistance and long duration drug treatment is further complicating the problem.2 Approach to combination antibiotic therapy and shortest duration of treatment is needed. Period: January 2016 to June 2016. Objectives: To determine the outcome of combination versus mono anti-biotic therapy in typhoid fever. Study Design: A prospective descriptive study. Place of Study: Mohi-Ud-Din Teaching Hospital Mirpur AJK. Results: Among 138 patients, the relapse rate was high in patients treated with monotherapy as compared combination therapy. Conclusion: Relapse is more common in ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone groups. Among combination therapy, (ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone,) relapse was less common. When relapsed patients were retreated with combination therapy, the patients were completely cured. Key words:Salmonella Typhi, Blood Culture, Widal Test, Typhidot, Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone. Article Citation: Nadeem A, Abid S, Abid MH. Typhoid fever; to determine the outcome of combination versus mono anti-biotic therapy in typhoid fever. Professional Med J 2018;25(1):39-44.

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Diagnosis of typhoid fever using a string capsule device

Cited by 36 publications

References 4 publications

Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Laboratory Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Antimicrobial Management of Invasive Salmonella Infections

Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Laboratory Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Antimicrobial Management of Invasive Salmonella Infections

Laboratory Diagnosis of Enteric Fever: A Review Update

Typhoid Fever

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