Diagnostics for energetic particle studies on the HL-2A tokamak

Yang, Qingwei; Yin, Zhen‐Qiang; Zhou, Hangyu; Yang, Jianhua; Shi, Z.B.; Ji, X.Q.; Yuan, Guoliang; Zhang, Y. P.; Yu, D.L.; Jiang, M.; Li, W.; Ding, X.T.; Cao, Hongchao

doi:10.1063/1.4893999

Review of Scientific Instruments

2014

DOI: 10.1063/1.4893999

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Diagnostics for energetic particle studies on the HL-2A tokamak

Qingwei Yang

Zhen‐Qiang Yin

Hangyu Zhou

et al.

Abstract: About 13 kinds of diagnostics for energetic particle physics studied on the HuanLiuqi-2A (commonly referred to as HL-2A) tokamak are described in this paper. Their measurement ranges, resolutions, and arrangement are presented. Three under-construction diagnostics including imaging fast ion D-alpha, scintillator matrix (for hard X-ray detection), and bundle fission chamber are described in detail.

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“…The soft x-ray arrays and electron cyclotron emission imaging (ECEI) [22] with 8 (radial)×24(vertical) = 192 channels enable visual observations of magnetohydrodynamic instability. Recently, energetic particle diagnostics, [23] such as fast ion deuterium Alpha (FIDA), fast ion loss probe, neutron detector and Cadmium-telluride (CdTe) detectors, have also been installed. Those diagnostics offer valuable information during experimental campaign aiming at Alfvénic activities.…”

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Energetic Particle Physics on the HL-2A Tokamak: A Review

Shi¹,

Chen²,

Duan³

2021

Chinese Phys. Lett.

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Interaction between shear Alfvén wave (SAW) and energetic particles (EPs) is one of major concerns in magnetically confined plasmas since it may lead to excitation of toroidal symmetry breaking collective instabilities, thus enhances loss of EPs and degrades plasma confinement. In the last few years, Alfvénic zoology has been constructed on HL-2A tokamak and series of EPs driven instabilities, such as toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs), revered shear Alfvén eigenmodes (RSAEs), beta induced Alfvén eigenmodes (BAEs), Alfvénic ion temperature gradient (AITG) modes and fishbone modes, have been observed and investigated. Those Alfvénic fluctuations show frequency chirping behaviors through nonlinear wave-particle route, and contribute to generation of axisymmetric modes by nonlinear wave-wave resonance in the presence of strong tearing modes. It is proved that the plasma confinement is affected by Alfvénic activities from multiple aspects. The RSAEs resonate with thermal ions, and this results in an energy diffusive transport process while the nonlinear mode coupling between core-localized TAEs and tearing modes trigger avalanche electron heat transport events. Effective measures have been taken to control SAW fluctuations and the fishbone activities are suppressed by electron cyclotron resonance heating. Those experimental results will not only contribute to better understandings of energetic particles physics, but also provide technology bases for active control of Alfvénic modes on International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) and Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor (CFETR).

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetic Particle Physics on the HL-2A Tokamak: A Review

Shi¹,

Chen²,

Duan³

2021

Chinese Phys. Lett.

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Design and first measurements of the fast-ion D-alpha diagnostic at the HL-2A tokamak

Hou

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2023

Review of Scientific Instruments

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The fast-ion D-alpha diagnostic (FIDA) is employed to detect D α light emitted by neutralized fast ions during neutral beam injection. A tangentially viewing FIDA has been developed for the HuanLiuqi-2A (HL-2A) tokamak and typically achieves temporal and transverse spatial resolutions of ∼30 ms and ∼5 cm, respectively. A fast-ion tail on the red shifted wing of the FIDA spectrum is obtained and analyzed with the Monte Carlo code FIDASIM. Good agreement has been presented between the measured and simulated spectra. As the FIDA diagnostic’s lines of sight intersect the central axis of neutral beam injection with small angles, the beam emission spectrum is observed with a large Doppler shift. Thus, tangentially viewing FIDA could detect only a small portion of fast ions with an energy of ≈ 20 ∼ 31 keV and a pitch angle of ≈ −1 ∼ −0.8. A second FIDA installation with oblique viewing is designed to minimize spectral contaminants.

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Diagnostics for energetic particle studies on the HL-2A tokamak

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Energetic Particle Physics on the HL-2A Tokamak: A Review

Energetic Particle Physics on the HL-2A Tokamak: A Review

Design and first measurements of the fast-ion D-alpha diagnostic at the HL-2A tokamak

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