Diallel Analyses of Grain Yield, Percent Protein, and Protein Yield in Grain Sorghum¹

Abstract

A six‐parent diallel cross, including reciprocals, of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicalor (L.) Moench] was analyzed for grain yield, percent protein, and protein yield. Highly significant differences were observed among parents and F1 hybrids for each trait. Reciprocal differences were not significant, but a partial failure of assumptions for the Jinks‐Hayman analysis was noted for all traits.Differences among the parents indicated an additive component of genetic variation for all traits. The estimates for non‐additive components suggested that dominance was important for all traits. The degree of dominance was estimated to be in the overdominance range, particularly for the yield traits. Dominance was in the direction of higher yields and lower percent protein. The positive and negative alleles were estimated to be equally frequent for yield; or percent protein, the negative alleles were estimated to be more frequent. These results suggest that improvement of percent protein requires selection for recessive alleles that have a low frequency; improvement of yield requires a method to cope with overdominance.Highly significant GCA and SCA effects were observed for all traits. A comparison of their relative magnitudes indicated SCA effects were much more important than GCA. Specified comparisons among the parents were made for GCA and among the parents and hybrids for SCA.

The Genetic Basis of Variation for Salt Tolerance in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Seedlings

“…in barley, Hordeum vulgare (JOHNSON and AKSEL 1964), mung bean, Phaseolus aureus (SINGH and JAINS 1971), pigeon pea, Gajanus cajan (DAHIY. '\ and BILW 1977), Sorghum bicolor (WILSON et al 1978), and rice, Otyza satrja (MOELJOPAWIRO' and IKEMASHI 19S1), where similarly only partial adequac}' of the model was found. Data for salinity tolerance at 150 mM NaCl have therefore also been considered here.…”

Diallel Anaysis of Oil Production Components in Peanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.)

“…Previous research indicates that inheritance of oil concentration is a more complex genetic system than a simple additive-dominance model [19,20]. Despite these constraints, a diallel design can be used to estimate genetic variance components [21,22] and combining abilities [18], although less reliably than if all assumptions in the genetic model were satisfied.…”

Genetic basis of plant height and its degree of indetermination in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)

“…Failure of both the tests completely invalidates the additive‐dominance model. However, if one of them fulfils the assumption, the additive‐dominance model was considered partially adequate (W ilson et al 1978; A zliar and M c N eilly 1988).…”