Diaphragm muscle structure in the elderly: Findings from an autopsy study

Nucci, Ricardo Aparecido Baptista; Souza, Romeu Rodrigues de; Suemoto, Cláudia Kimie; Maifrino, Laura Beatriz Mesiano; Anaruma, Carlos Alberto; Pasqualucci, Carlos Augusto; Jacob‐Filho, Wilson

doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2019.151487

Cited by 8 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Older mice have been shown to suffer a loss of maximal diaphragm muscle force and decreased muscle fiber type IIx and/or IIb size and develop diaphragm muscle sarcopenia (6). In human autopsy cases, advancing age has been associated with histopathologically abnormal findings in diaphragm structure, including small diaphragm size or shape and loss of cytoplasmic integrity (31).…”

Section: Aging and Respiratory Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Respiratory Disability: Concepts, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Nagano

Wakabayashi

Maeda

et al. 2021

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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The condition of muscle fiber atrophy and weakness that occurs in respiratory muscles along with systemic skeletal muscle with age is known as respiratory sarcopenia. The Japanese Working Group of Respiratory Sarcopenia of the Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Nutrition narratively reviews these areas, and proposes the concept and diagnostic criteria. We have defined respiratory sarcopenia as "wholebody sarcopenia and low respiratory muscle mass followed by low respiratory muscle strength and/or low respiratory function." Respiratory sarcopenia can be caused by various factors such as aging, decreased activity, undernutrition, disease, cachexia, and iatrogenic causes. We have also created an algorithm for diagnosing respiratory sarcopenia. Respiratory function decreases with age in healthy older people, along with low respiratory muscle mass and strength. We have created a new term, "Presbypnea," meaning a decline in respiratory function with aging. Minor functional respiratory disability due to aging, such as that indicated by a modified Medical Research Council level 1 (troubled by shortness of breath when hurrying or walking straight up hill), is an indicator of presbypnea. We also define sarcopenic respiratory disability as "a disability with deteriorated respiratory function that results from respiratory sarcopenia." Sarcopenic respiratory disability is diagnosed if respiratory sarcopenia is present with functional disability. Cases of respiratory sarcopenia without functional disability are diagnosed as "at risk of sarcopenic respiratory disability." Functional disability is defined as a modified Medical Research Council grade of 2 or more. Rehabilitation nutrition, treatment that combines rehabilitation and nutritional management, may be adequate to prevent and treat respiratory sarcopenia and sarcopenic respiratory disability.

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Section: Aging and Respiratory Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Respiratory Disability: Concepts, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Nagano

Wakabayashi

Maeda

et al. 2021

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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show abstract

“…выявили, что у пожилых людей трансдиафрагмальное давление и показатель активности диафрагмальных мышц снижаются на 20-41% при уменьшении общей силы дыхательных мышц на 30% [25]. В другой работе при аутопсии лиц пожилого возраста установлены гистопатологические аномалии в структуре диафрагмы, включая ее небольшой размер или измененную форму, а также потерю цитоплазматической целостности [26]. В исследовании P.M. Lalley снижение массы межреберных мышц ассоциировано с возрастом [27].…”

Section: Respiratory Muscle Strength In Patients With Cad сила дыхате...unclassified

Respiratory Muscle Strength in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Different Musculoskeletal Disorders

Баздырев

Terentyeva

Galimova

et al. 2022

Racionalʹnaâ farmakoterapiâ v kardiologii

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Aim. To measure respiratory muscle strength (RMS) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and different musculoskeletal disorders (MSD).Material and methods. Patients were divided in four groups according to the MSD. Group I included 52 (13.4%) patients with sarcopenia, group II included 28 (7.2%) patients with osteopenia, group III included 25 (6.5%) patients with osteosarcopenia, group IV included 282 (72.9%) patients without MSD. All patients underwent the assessment of maximal expiratory (МЕР) and maximal inspiratory mouth pressures (MIP).Results. The mean RMS values were lower than the normative values, and the strength of the expiratory muscles was 1.25 times lower compared to the inspiratory muscles. Both of these parameters were within the normal range in 191 (49.3%) patients, and lower values were noted in 196 (50.7%). An isolated decrease in MIP was observed in 24.8% of patients, an isolated decrease in МЕР in 6.5%, a combined decrease in MIP and МЕР in 19.4% of patients. Comparative analysis of МЕР and MIP (depending on the MSD) did not demonstrate statistically significant differences. Lower МЕР (76.9%) and MIP (75%) values were noted mainly in the group of patients with sarcopenia. A similar pattern was notes in patients with osteosarcopenia and in patients without MSD. Normative values of RMS were observed in patients with osteopenia. Correlation analysis revealed a unidirectional relationship between RMS and the parameters of muscle function (hand grip strength, muscle area and musculoskeletal index) and a multidirectional relationship between МЕР and BMI (r -0.743, p=0.013), MIP and patient age (r -0.624, p=0.021).Conclusion. Respiratory muscle weakness was diagnosed in half of the patients with coronary heart disease. There were no statistically significant differences in RMS between patients with MSD and isolated CHD, despite lower values in the group with MSD. Correlation analysis revealed an association between RMS and muscle function.

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“…Although studies focus to understand the effects of smoking on lung morphology, recent studies have shown that even the diaphragm musculature is injured by tobacco use [13][14][15][16]. The diaphragm muscle (DIAm) is a major responsible musculature for inspiratory behavior, which is negatively affected by advancing age [17,18], respiratory diseases (e.g., COPD) [19], and smoking [6,[13][14][15][16]. Cigarette smoking seems to increase DIAm inflammation, leading to fiber injury and fibrosis [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking Intensity Increases Diaphragm Muscle Injury: A Clinicopathologic Study

Nucci

Souza

Maifrino

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background: Studying the effects of smoking intensity is important to evaluate the risk of tobacco use on a range of illnesses, such as as sarcopenia among the elderly. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the effects of pack-years of cigarette smoking on the diaphragm muscle (DIAm) histopathology of postmortem samples. Methods: Subjects were divided into three groups: never-smoker (n = 46); less than 30 pack-years of smoking (n = 12); and more than 30 pack-years of smoking (n = 30). Diaphragm samples were stained with Picrosirius red and hematoxylin and eosin stain for general structure. Results: Participants with more than 30 pack-years of cigarette smoking had a significant increase in adipocytes, blood vessels and collagen deposit, as well as an increase in histopathological alterations. Conclusions: Pack-years of smoking was associated with DIAm injury. However, further clinicopathological studies are needed to confirm our findings.

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Diaphragm muscle structure in the elderly: Findings from an autopsy study

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Respiratory Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Respiratory Disability: Concepts, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Respiratory Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Respiratory Disability: Concepts, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Respiratory Muscle Strength in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Different Musculoskeletal Disorders

Smoking Intensity Increases Diaphragm Muscle Injury: A Clinicopathologic Study

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