Diatom morphology and adaptation: Current progress and potentials for sustainable development

Fu, Weiqi; Shu, Yuexuan; Yi, Zhaoxiang; Su, Yixi; Pan, Yiwen; Zhang, Fan; Brynjólfsson, Sigurður

doi:10.1016/j.horiz.2022.100015

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…supporting such algal blooms. Furthermore, diatom morphology shifts in response to various environmental factors like temperature, salinity, nutrient concentration, and UV radiation (reviewed in Su et al 2018 andFu et al 2022), which may add to the morphological variation of the frustule in this species as well.…”

Section: Monophyly Of the Genus Chamaepinnulariamentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogenetics coupled with morphological analyses of Arctic and Antarctic strains place Chamaepinnularia (Bacillariophyta) within the Sellaphoraceae

Schimani¹,

Abarca²,

Zimmermann³

et al. 2024

Fottea

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The diatom genus Chamaepinnularia was first published by Lange-Bertalot et Krammer in 1996 to accommodate several small species previously included within Navicula and Pinnularia. Despite its morphological similarity to those two genera, the family-level classification of Chamaepinnularia has been considered incertae sedis since its description almost three decades ago. We provide the first molecular characterisation (18S and rbcL) of the genus based on cultured polar strains and investigated its phylogenetic placement. Molecular data are complemented with observations on living cells, as well as detailed examination of oxidized material with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The 12 investigated strains were morphologically identified as three taxa: two already described species (C. gerlachei, C. krookii) and one here newly described (C. australis sp. nov.). These species formed three separate, well-supported branches in the phylogeny. Our analyses placed Chamaepinnularia as a sister group to members of the Sellaphoraceae for which sequence data exist (i.e. Sellaphora, Fallacia, Rossia and Diprora). Based on the presence of hymenate areolae, a single Hshaped plastid with girdle appressed plates and the results of the phylogenetic trees, we propose the inclusion of Chamaepinnularia within the family Sellaphoraceae, which altogether form a supported monophyletic group.

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Section: Monophyly Of the Genus Chamaepinnulariamentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogenetics coupled with morphological analyses of Arctic and Antarctic strains place Chamaepinnularia (Bacillariophyta) within the Sellaphoraceae

Schimani¹,

Abarca²,

Zimmermann³

et al. 2024

Fottea

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“…Diatoms (i.e. Bacillariophyta) are unicellular algae with silicified cell walls that represent one of the most ecologically important phytoplankton groups 1 , 2 . Diatoms were estimated to contribute approximately 20% of global primary production on Earth, and up to 40% of marine primary production 3 .…”

Section: Background and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome-level genome assembly of marine diatom Skeletonema tropicum

Liu,

Chen

2024

Sci Data

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Skeletonema tropicum is a marine diatom of the genus Skeletonema that also includes many well-known species including S. marinoi. S. tropicum is a high temperature preferring species thriving in tropical ocean regions or temperate ocean regions during summer-autumn. However, mechanisms of ecological adaptation of S. tropicum remain poorly understood due partially to the lack of a high-quality whole genome assembly. Here, we report the first high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly for S. tropicum, using cutting-edge technologies including PacBio single molecular sequencing and high-throughput chromatin conformation capture. The assembled genome has a size of 78.78 Mb with a scaffold N50 of 3.17 Mb, anchored to 23 pseudo-chromosomes. In total, 20,613 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 17,757 (86.14%) genes were functionally annotated. Collinearity analysis of the genomes of S. tropicum and S. marinoi revealed that these two genomes were highly homologous. This chromosome-level genome assembly of S. tropicum provides a valuable genomic platform for comparative analysis of mechanisms of ecological adaption.

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“…EPA and DHA are mainly extracted from marine fish that can quickly accumulate harmful substances. Given that the ecological crisis caused by the overfishing of marine animals is also grievous, diatoms are considered a healthy and sustainable substitute (Fu et al, 2022).…”

Section: Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Systems and Synthetic Biology of Diatoms for Improving Algal Productivity

Chen

Huang

Shu

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Microalgae have drawn much attention for their potential applications as a sustainable source for developing bioactive compounds, functional foods, feeds, and biofuels. Diatoms, as one major group of microalgae with high yields and strong adaptability to the environment, have shown advantages in developing photosynthetic cell factories to produce value-added compounds, including heterologous bioactive products. However, the commercialization of diatoms has encountered several obstacles that limit the potential mass production, such as the limitation of algal productivity and low photosynthetic efficiency. In recent years, systems and synthetic biology have dramatically improved the efficiency of diatom cell factories. In this review, we discussed first the genome sequencing and genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) of diatoms. Then, approaches to optimizing photosynthetic efficiency are introduced with a focus on the enhancement of biomass productivity in diatoms. We also reviewed genome engineering technologies, including CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) gene-editing to produce bioactive compounds in diatoms. Finally, we summarized the recent progress on the diatom cell factory for producing heterologous compounds through genome engineering to introduce foreign genes into host diatoms. This review also pinpointed the bottlenecks in algal engineering development and provided critical insights into the future direction of algal production.

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Diatom morphology and adaptation: Current progress and potentials for sustainable development

Cited by 22 publications

References 93 publications

Molecular phylogenetics coupled with morphological analyses of Arctic and Antarctic strains place Chamaepinnularia (Bacillariophyta) within the Sellaphoraceae

Molecular phylogenetics coupled with morphological analyses of Arctic and Antarctic strains place Chamaepinnularia (Bacillariophyta) within the Sellaphoraceae

Chromosome-level genome assembly of marine diatom Skeletonema tropicum

Recent Progress on Systems and Synthetic Biology of Diatoms for Improving Algal Productivity

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