Dichlorvos: Methods of Dispensing, Estimates of Concentration in Air, and Toxicity to Stored-Product Insects

Dispersion, efficacy, and persistence of dichlorvos aerosol against two flour beetle life stages in a mill

“…observed in open and obstructed locations. Gillenwater et al (1971), Harein et al (1970Harein et al ( , 1971, and Cogburn and Simonaitis (1975) conducted chemical analysis of air samples in warehouses treated with dichlorvos and confirmed uniform dispersion of dichlorvos in facilities containing packaged foods. documented that the degree of mortality of T. confusum and T. castaneum larvae was more or less equal in concrete arenas that collected pyrethrin plus pyriproxyfen aerosol residues at open and obstructed locations in a flour mill.…”

Insect Management with Aerosols in Food-Processing Facilities

“…The application of insecticides as aerosols for controlling stored-product insects is an old technique and was initially used for controlling tobacco pests such as the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.), in tobacco warehouses (Tenhet et al 1957(Tenhet et al , 1958. The first and the most widely used insecticide for such application was an organophosphate, dichlorvos (DDVP) (Tenhet et al 1957(Tenhet et al , 1958Gillenwater and Harein 1964, Jay et al 1964, Childs 1967, Harein et al 1970). In the initial experiments, in contrast to our perception of aerosol treatment where insect control is achieved by deposition of aerosol particles on exposed insects, the efficacy of dichlorvos against L. serricorne life stages was measured by exposing them to the dichlorvos vapor (which permeated 30 meters of air space from the point of release) by introducing life stages of insects into the treated warehouse 2 h after the aerosol particles had settled down to the floor (Tenhet et al 1958).…”

“…In 1960s and 1970s, another group of researchers started working on the use of dichlorvos aerosol for controlling insects other than those associated with stored tobacco , Jay et al 1964, Harein et al 1970Gillenwater et al 1971;Cogburn and Simonaitis 1975). In the late 1970s, some researchers evaluated various synthetic pyrethroids and organophosphates as aerosols for controlling stored-product insects in transport vehicles such as tractor trailers and transport trailer vans Gillenwater 1979, 1981;Halliday et al 1987).…”

Observations on the repellency of ‘Neem’ plant, Melia azadirachta L., on some stored‐grain pests from Pakistan

“…HIGHLAND et al (1970) MCDONALD et al (1970) have attempted to make a practicable insect resistant bag by using various constructing materials and other compounds as repellent or toxicant to stored grain pests. According to HAREIN et al (1970) Methoxychlor and Diclilorovos are the most commonly used repellents, but Py rethrins are generally approved for commercial purpose. HIGHLAND (1970) reported that Carbaryl has also been used as barriers for inward migration of insects.…”