Die ontwikkeling van 'n meetinstrument van werkstres

Zyl, E.S. Van; Walt, Heinrich; Brand, H.E.

doi:10.4102/sajip.v20i1.570

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…With regard to the mean score on the remuneration and fringe-benefit subscale, the white women's score was significantly higher than that of the black participants. It is important to note that the mean scores of all four groups were significantly lower than those reported by Van Zyl (1991). This is indicative of the dissatisfaction of these women with their remuneration and benefits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

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A cross-cultural comparison of the stress experienced by high-level career women

Berg

Zyl

2008

SA j ind psychol

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A cross-culturAl compArison of the stress experienced by high-level cAreer women ABSTRACTThis study examines differences in the experience of work-related stress and of exposure to workrelated stressors among South African career women of different ethnic groups. A sample of 732 women working in administrative, semi-professional, professional and managerial positions was involved. Analyses of covariance found significant differences in the level of stress reported by the different groups, with black women reporting the highest level of stress. Stressors pertaining to a lack of infrastructure and resources in the environment significantly contributed to the stress experienced by black women. All four groups reported discontent with their remuneration and fringe benefits.Keywords: South African career women, occupational stress, job-related stressors, conservation-ofresources theory, criterion group design The composition of the South African labour force is rapidly changing. During the past three decades, the participation of women in the formal labour market, for example, has increased significantly. Msimang (2001), in fact, emphasises the increasing numbers of women, specifically black women, who are moving into high-level careers due to the impact of the Employment Equity Act. Unfortunately, these women are not exempt from the stressful consequences of their increased involvement in the formal labour market. Erasmus (1998) found in a study of the stress experiences of high-level career women from different ethnic groups that more than half reported problems with high levels of work-related stress. Some researchers (Erwee, 1994;Møller, 1998) even suggest that the impact of the Employment Equity Act, which encourages the promotion of more women to managerial positions, may lead to increased levels of stress among women because of their lack of training and the negative impact of gender discrimination on the adjustment of women. What seems to play an important role in the difficulties experienced by many career women is the lack of investment in resources like training, decision-making authority and social support.The conservation-of-resources model of stress (Hobfoll, 1989; was used as the guiding model to conceptualise this study. Hobfoll (1989) strongly supports an ecological approach to stress that emphasises the importance of thinking of people as members of social systems and structures. According to Hobfoll's model, stress develops due to an imbalance between the perceived threat and the perceived ability to master the threat. This model seems to fit in well with a cross-cultural perspective of stress because of its strong focus on the objective reality of stressful situations. Hobfoll (1988, p.25) Resources serve as a means of helping individuals to realise their goals and to gain control over their environment. They

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The Work and Life Experiences Questionnaire (WLE) (Van Zyl, 1994) was used to measure the level of stress and the causes of stress experienced by the participants. This questionnaire was standardised for use with high-level South African workers from different ethnic groups.…”

Section: Measuring Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-cultural comparison of the stress experienced by high-level career women

Berg

Zyl

2008

SA j ind psychol

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“…Vanweë die kritiek teenoor sommige van die voorafgaande benaderings is 'n interaksionele benadering tot die bestudering van stres ontwikkel. Diener (2000), Stofile en Green (2007) en Van Zyl (1991) gee voorkeur aan die interaksionele benadering aangesien die dinamiese aard van die stresfenomeen duideliker uitgebeeld word. Volgens Cox en Mckay (1978) is die kern van hierdie benadering die eiesoortige interaksie wat daar tussen 'n individu en 'n omgewing plaasvind.…”

Section: Stres En Werkstres: 'N Teoretiese Model En Benaderingunclassified

Werkstresverskille tussen wit en swart middelvlakbestuurspersoneel

Pienaar

Zyl

2008

SA j ind psychol

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Work stress differences between white and black middle-level managers. The purpose of the study on which this article is based, was to investigate the difference in work-related stress between white and black middle-level management personnel in a South African service organisation. Literature studies regarding stress reveal that work stress and psychological burnout are steadily increasing. Changes within the political and economical arena of South Africa contributed towards service organisations appointing more black managers. From the results, it seems that the black group has obtained statistically signifcant higher scores than their white counterparts on stress factors. Due to the above-mentioned results, a few recommendations were made

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“…Vir die doeleindes van hierdie navorsing word daar dus op die persoon se vermoë om by sy omgewing aan te pas gefokus, waarvolgens die individu negatief sal reageer op eise vanuit sy (werks)omgewing indien die eise as bedreigend geëvalueer word. Dié benadering is hoofsaaklik gekies omdat dit eenvoudig en werkbaar is en in resente navorsing 2,3,15,[20][21][22][23][24] gebruik is.…”

Section: Benadering Tot Stresunclassified

Die Effek Van Biografiese Veranderlikes Op Die Vlakke En Oorsake Van Stres By 'N Groep Finalejaar- Mediese Studente

Zyl¹

2004

South African Family Practice

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The effect of biographic variables on the levels of stress in final year medical students Background South Africans experience very high levels of stress. One way to address this problem is to identify risk groups and to handle their stress in a proactive way. This can only be done by identifying the level and causes of stress and to determine if the scores of subgroups (for instance sex, age, home language and marital status), differ significantly from each other. This will make it possible to suggest and implement coping mechanisms. MethodA self-evaluation questionnaire (the Experience of Work and Life Circumstances Questionnaire) was tested on an accidental sample of 85 sixth-year medical students studying at a large university in the central region of South Africa. The effect of biographical data on the students' levels and causes of stress was determined by one-way variance analysis in order to test if group averages differed significantly. ResultsSignificant differences were found between male and female students with regard to physical working conditions and job equipment, career issues and fringe benefits/remuneration. A number of recommendations were made in the light of these findings.(SA Fam Pract 2004;46(4): 26-29)

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Die ontwikkeling van 'n meetinstrument van werkstres

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

A cross-cultural comparison of the stress experienced by high-level career women

A cross-cultural comparison of the stress experienced by high-level career women

Werkstresverskille tussen wit en swart middelvlakbestuurspersoneel

Die Effek Van Biografiese Veranderlikes Op Die Vlakke En Oorsake Van Stres By 'N Groep Finalejaar- Mediese Studente

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