Diet analysis and evaluation

Bai, Sungchul C.; Hardy, Ronald W.; Hamidoghli, Ali

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819587-1.00010-0

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The periodical administration of SREBP1a nanoparticles increased weight gain and SGR. Furthermore, it reduced FCR, which also indicates higher efficiency in converting feed into fish weight gain [48]. Indeed, the weight gain, SGR, and FCR values in fish treated with chitosan-TPP-pSG5-SREBP1a fed a low-protein-high-carbohydrate diet (Diet 2), were similar to those observed in the control fish (not treated with SREBP1a) fed a high-protein-low-carbohydrate diet (Diet 1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Chitosan-Based Sustained Expression of Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1a Stimulates Hepatic Glucose Oxidation and Growth in Sparus aurata

Rashidpour,

Wu,

Almajano

et al. 2023

Marine Drugs

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The administration of a single dose of chitosan nanoparticles driving the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1a (SREBP1a) was recently associated with the enhanced conversion of carbohydrates into lipids. To address the effects of the long-lasting expression of SREBP1a on the growth and liver intermediary metabolism of carnivorous fish, chitosan-tripolyphosphate (TPP) nanoparticles complexed with a plasmid expressing the N terminal active domain of hamster SREBP1a (pSG5-SREBP1a) were injected intraperitoneally every 4 weeks (three doses in total) to gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed high-protein–low-carbohydrate and low-protein–high-carbohydrate diets. Following 70 days of treatment, chitosan-TPP-pSG5-SREBP1a nanoparticles led to the sustained upregulation of SREBP1a in the liver of S. aurata. Independently of the diet, SREBP1a overexpression significantly increased their weight gain, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio but decreased their feed conversion ratio. In agreement with an improved conversion of dietary carbohydrates into lipids, SREBP1a expression increased serum triglycerides and cholesterol as well as hepatic glucose oxidation via glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway, while not affecting gluconeogenesis and transamination. Our findings support that the periodical administration of chitosan-TPP-DNA nanoparticles to overexpress SREBP1a in the liver enhanced the growth performance of S. aurata through a mechanism that enabled protein sparing by enhancing dietary carbohydrate metabolisation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Chitosan-Based Sustained Expression of Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1a Stimulates Hepatic Glucose Oxidation and Growth in Sparus aurata

Rashidpour,

Wu,

Almajano

et al. 2023

Marine Drugs

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“…However, there were no significant differences in cumulative survival of shrimp fed the FM 25 , YH 0.5 , YH 1 , YH 2 , and YH 4 diets. At 48 h after the challenge, shrimp fed FM 25 and YH 4 showed a significantly higher cumulative survival than those fed CON, YH 0.5 , and YH 1 diets. There were no significant differences in survival of shrimp fed FM 25 , YH 4 , and YH 2 at 48 h after the challenge (p > 0.05).…”

Section: Challenge Testmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…At the beginning and end of the experiment, the total number and weight of the experimental shrimp were measured after fasting for 12 h. Shrimp initial body weight (IBW), final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency (FE), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and survival (SR) were calculated according to the formulas described by Bai et al [25]:…”

Section: Growth Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Yeast Hydrolysate in a Low-Fishmeal Diet for Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Hamidoghli

Lee

Hwang

et al. 2023

Animals

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An eight-week feeding trial was performed to evaluate the effects of yeast hydrolysate (YH) supplementation in a low-fishmeal diet on the growth, immune responses, intestinal histology and disease resistance of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Five experimental diets were produced by supplementing YH at 0 (CON), 0.5 (YH0.5), 1 (YH1), 2 (YH2) and 4 (YH4) % to a basal diet containing 10% fishmeal and compared with a positive control with 25% fishmeal (FM25). Shrimp with an initial average weight of 0.43 ± 0.005 g (mean ± SD) were stocked in 18 tanks and fed the experimental diets (38% protein and 8% lipid) four times a day. Results showed that shrimp fed the FM25 diet exhibited significantly higher final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio than those fed CON, YH0.5, YH1 and YH2 diets (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between shrimp fed the YH4 and FM25 diets (p > 0.05). In addition, there were no significant differences in whole-body proximate composition, hemolymph biochemical parameters and non-specific immune responses among treatments. Intestinal villi length and muscular layer thickness of shrimp fed the YH4 and FM25 diets were significantly higher than the other groups. At the end of the bacterial (Vibrio parahaemolyticus) challenge test, shrimp fed YH4 and FM25 diets showed a significantly higher survival rate than those of shrimp fed CON, YH0.5 and YH1 (p < 0.05). These results suggest that supplementing 4% YH in diet containing 10% fishmeal could beneficially influence growth, intestinal morphology and disease resistance of whiteleg shrimp.

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“…Total protein intake (g) (Charles Bai et al, 2022) where Wf is the final wet weight in grams, Wi is the initial wet weight in grams, Lf is the final standard length in centimeters, and Li is the initial standard length in centimeters.…”

Section: Indices Of Trout Growth and Feed Conversion Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of lactic-acid bacteria feed supplementation on free amino acid levels in serum and feces of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792)

Carneiro,

Opazo,

Do Santos

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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IntroductionThe influence of intestinal microbiota, particularly lactic-acid bacteria, on digestion and nutrient metabolic activities has been extensively studied. In this research, we investigated the effects of supplementing the feed of rainbow trout (O. mykiss) with P. acidilactici or L. lactis probiotics. A Control group without probiotic supplementation was also included. The study aimed to evaluate growth, feed conversion indices, free amino acid levels in serum and feces, and the relative gene expression of amino acid solute carrier transporters (SLC).MethodsRainbow trout weighing 73.9±10 g were fed with a basal commercial diet supplemented with mono-strains of P. acidilactici or L. lactis at a dosage of 5 x 108 CFU per gram of feed for 60 days. The trout were reared in 100-liter tanks with independent closed recirculation systems, with a water replacement rate of 80% of the total volume daily and a controlled temperature of 15 ± 0.3 °C. The proximate composition of the basal diet consisted of crude protein (49.8%), fat (32.1%), fiber (1.31%), ash (13%), and moisture (8.3%) on a dry matter basis. The diet was provided at a rate of 2% of bodyweight per day.ResultsNo significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in growth and feed conversion indices between the experimental groups. However, significant differences in free amino acid levels in feces and serum samples (p ≤ 0.05) were observed. The P. acidilactici group exhibited significantly higher levels of glutamate, lysine, proline, and tyrosine in feces samples, and higher levels of arginine, iso/leucine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, and valine in serum samples compared to the Control group. Additionally, the supplemented probiotic groups showed significant downregulation (p ≤ 0.05) of theslc6a19 and slc7a9 genes, which encode transporters for neutral and cationic amino acids.DiscussionThe autochthonous rainbow trout strain, P. acidilactici, demonstrated more pronounced effects on amino acid levels in feces and serum compared to the non-autochthonous L. lactis strain. However, the increased amino acid levels, particularly in the serum, resulting from P. acidilactici supplementation, did not lead to improved trout growth or feed conversion. Nonetheless, lactic-acid bacteria supplementation induced measurable metabolic effects, as evidenced by elevated levels of specific amino acids in the serum and feces.Future research should focus on evaluating these probiotic effects using specialized diets and considering the observed metabolic effects in this study.

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Diet analysis and evaluation

Cited by 9 publications

References 58 publications

Chitosan-Based Sustained Expression of Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1a Stimulates Hepatic Glucose Oxidation and Growth in Sparus aurata

Chitosan-Based Sustained Expression of Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1a Stimulates Hepatic Glucose Oxidation and Growth in Sparus aurata

Evaluation of Yeast Hydrolysate in a Low-Fishmeal Diet for Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Influence of lactic-acid bacteria feed supplementation on free amino acid levels in serum and feces of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792)

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