Dietary intakes of adults in the Netherlands by childhood and adulthood socioeconomic position

Abstract

Objective: To determine whether there are socioeconomic differences in the intakes of total fat, fatty acids and fruit among adults in the Netherlands using childhood (parental) and participant's own socioeconomic position (SEP). Furthermore, to quantify the independent effects of childhood and adulthood SEP on dietary behavior in adulthood. Design: Cross-sectional study among participants in the GLOBE study. Subjects: A total of 2512 men and women, aged 25-78 y, living in a region in the southeast Netherlands. Methods: Dietary intakes were collected by an interviewer-administered quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Average daily intakes of total energy, total, saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated fat and fruit were calculated. The highest educational level was used to classify the participant's adulthood SEP. Parental indicators (mother's education and father's occupation when participants were 12 y of age) were used to classify childhood SEP. Results: Males with lower levels of education had moderately higher energy intakes than their more educated counterparts, but did not differ in their intakes of total fat, fatty acids and fruit. Among females, the least educated groups had marginally higher intakes of total and monounsaturated fat than the most educated group, and were less likely to consume fruit. For most of these significant differences, the participant's own education demonstrated independent effects that were consistent with chronic disease inequalities. A small residual effect of mother's education was also demonstrated for intakes of some nutrients for males and females, and for fruit consumption among females. However, the effect size of mother's education was rather small and not always consistent with disease inequalities. Conclusions:The results imply that socioeconomic disparities in intakes of some dietary factors may contribute to inequalities in chronic disease. Adulthood SEP potentially has a more direct influence on dietary intake inequalities than childhood SEP.

Multiple socio-economic circumstances and healthy food habits

“…Previous research and how this study relates to it Our finding that childhood socio-economic circumstances were unassociated with healthy food habits is in line with a previous Dutch study, which showed a more direct influence on food habits by adulthood than by childhood socioeconomic position (Giskes et al, 2004).…”

How do socio-economic status, perceived economic barriers and nutritional benefits affect quality of dietary intake among US adults?

“…Moreover, previous studies have shown that socio-economic status (SES) was positively related to indicators and indices of diet quality (Groth et al, 2001;Bodnar and Siega-Riz, 2002;Friel et al, 2003;Hulshof et al, 2003;Giskes et al, 2004). In our present study, we hypothesized that this positive relationship varies across ethnic and gender groups in the United States.…”

The association between socio-economic position and diet quality in Australian adults

“…As diet quality indices can be based on local guidelines they are useful to assess compliance with, and effectiveness of, dietary recommendations, and may be easier to compare scores across studies (37,38) . The majority of previous studies that have investigated the association between SEP and dietary intake have used methods other than diet quality indices as their measures of food intake and have analysed children rather than adults (39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44) . The present study also has several limitations.…”