Dietary manipulation and energy compensation: does the intermittent use of low-fat items in the diet reduce total energy intake in free-feeding lean men?

Poppitt, SD; Swann, D L

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0800726

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…6 For example, in a recent study that controlled for the potential effect of both macronutrient composition and palatability, Bell concluded that energy intake was driven by the energy density of the meals provided. 9 A series of investigations using covert manipulations of energy density and macronutrient composition 7,19,24 and general reviews of the issue 10,19 have arrived at similar conclusions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Associations between energy density and macronutrient composition in the diets of pre-school children: sugars vs starch

Gibson¹

2000

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between energy density (ED) and macronutrient composition in the National Diet and Nutrition Survey of Children aged 1 1 2 ± 4 1 2 y, hypothesizing that high-ED diets tend to be high in sugars as well as fat. DESIGN: Further analysis of data from a cross-sectional dietary survey of 1675 children with complete 4-day weighed dietary records. Differences in diet composition and food choice between children with diets of high, medium and low ED (de®ned as kJag of all food and drink) were identi®ed. The possibility of confounding by water, or by soft drinks, was also explored in age-adjusted correlations. RESULTS: High-ED diets ( b 3.7 kJag of total diet) were proportionately richer in fat and lower in carbohydrate, compared with diets of low ED (`2.9 kJag). In contrast to the hypothesis, high-ED diets were found to be proportionately lower in sugars, and higher in starch. Children with high-ED diets consumed more of a whole range of foods: meat, eggs, potatoes, cereal products, confectionery, sugarapreserves and savoury snacks, but consumed less soft drinks, water and fruit. CONCLUSION: The inverse relationship observed between sugars and energy density may be partly attributable to the reciprocal relationship between sugars and fat, expressed as a proportion of energy. It may also re¯ect developing preferences in young childhood for a more adult-type, energy-dense, diet. Further work is required to verify EDamacronutrient relationships in other age groups, as the results have potential implications for obesity prevention and for food product development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Associations between energy density and macronutrient composition in the diets of pre-school children: sugars vs starch

Gibson¹

2000

Int J Obes

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“…Most studies on ED have been based on individual foods, single dishes, or single meals (5,6), although a few have addressed the ED of the total diet (42)(43)(44). Dietary ED is difficult to establish because there is little consensus concerning whether water, noncaloric beverages, caloric beverages, soups, semiliquids, or semisolids ought to be included or excluded from analyses.…”

Section: Ed Of the Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of energy density

Drewnowski

2003

Lipids

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Dietary energy density (ED) appears to have a major influence on the regulation of food intake and body weight. If people consume a fixed weight of food each day, then high-ED diets should be associated with high energy intakes and with overweight. In contrast, low-ED diets should result in lower daily energy intakes and therefore weight loss. For this approach to work, low-ED foods must be as palatable as high-ED foods and, calorie for calorie, have a greater satiating power. Each of those assumptions is debatable. Dietary ED depends chiefly on the water content of foods. As a rule, high-ED foods are more palatable but less satiating, whereas low-ED foods are more satiating but less palatable. Consumer preferences for high-ED foods can be explained in terms of good taste, low cost, and convenience. Low-ED foods, such as fresh produce, provide less energy per unit cost than do high-ED foods, which often contain added sugars and fats. Poverty and obesity may well be linked through the habitual consumption of a low-cost, high-ED diet.

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“…The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has prompted study of the contributory role played by dietary fat (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7). One line of evidence indicates that fat's high energy density and palatability contribute to passive overconsumption (8, 9); that is, fat holds weak satiating and satiety properties (10, 11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fat Sources on Satiety

Alfenas¹,

Mattes²

2003

Obesity Research

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ALFENAS, RITA C.G. AND RICHARD D. MATTES. Effect of fat sources on satiety. Obes Res. 2003;11:183-187. Objective: There are inconsistent reports on the satiety value of different fatty acids. This study compared the appetitive effects of two fat sources rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (peanut oil and canola oil) with a source rich in saturated fatty acids (butter). Research Methods and Procedures:After an overnight fast, lean participants completed a questionnaire eliciting information about hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and prospective consumption. They then consumed one of the preloads (muffins containing 40 g of each fat source or no fat) and 150 mL of water within 15 minutes. Questionnaires were completed again 30, 60, and 120 minutes after preload ingestion. Participants kept dietary records during the subsequent 24 hours. Results: Canola and peanut oil muffins resulted in higher fullness, and butter, canola, and peanut oil muffins resulted in lower hunger ratings 30, 60, and 120 minutes after preload ingestion compared with the fat-free preload. No differences were observed among the fat-containing loads. Although energy intake 24 hours after consumption of the preloads was also comparable on days the three fat-containing loads were consumed, energy consumption after each study session was higher when the fat-free muffins were provided. However, total energy intake, including the calories provided by the preloads, was similar across treatments. Discussion: These data do not support a differential satiety effect of fat sources rich in monounsaturated fatty acids relative to one rich in saturated fatty acids.

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Dietary manipulation and energy compensation: does the intermittent use of low-fat items in the diet reduce total energy intake in free-feeding lean men?

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Associations between energy density and macronutrient composition in the diets of pre-school children: sugars vs starch

Associations between energy density and macronutrient composition in the diets of pre-school children: sugars vs starch

The role of energy density

Effect of Fat Sources on Satiety

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