Differences in exhaled breath condensate pH measurements between samples obtained with two commercial devices

Prieto, Luís; Ferrer, Anna; Palop, J.; Domenech, Juan; Llusar, Ruth; Rojas, Rafael Moreno

doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2007.02.023

Cited by 59 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This superiority of glass coatings may be mainly related to the behaviour of water as bipolar vehicle [4]. Three other studies report the influence of sampling systems on biomarkers in EBC [28][29][30]. TUFVESSON and BJERMER [28] proposed to coat EcoScreen1 collection surfaces with bovine serum albumin and Tween-20, to measure cytokines and eicosanoids, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SOYER et al [29] found significantly higher cysteinyl leukotrienes and eotaxin using EcoScreen1, compared with RTube TM , due to susceptibility of pre-cooled RTube TM sleeves to (increased) ambient temperatures during collection, and due to different materials that could affect sample recovery. PRIETO et al [30] compared RTube TM and EcoScreen1, and reported that EBC pH values are dependent on the collection device used. Furthermore, the EcoScreen1 has been associated with deposition of frozen condensate on its lamellar walls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomarker reproducibility in exhaled breath condensate collected with different condensers

Rosias¹,

Robroeks²,

Kester³

et al. 2008

Eur Respir J

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Optimal collection and analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) are prerequisites for standardisation and reproducibility of assessments. The present study aimed to assess reproducibility of EBC volume, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), 8-isoprostane and cytokine measurements using different condensers, including a newly developed glass condenser.At four points in time, 30 healthy subjects performed sequential EBC collections randomly using the following four condensers: glass, silicone, EcoScreen1 (Erich Jaeger GmbH, Hoechberg, Germany) and an optimised glass condenser. In small EBC samples, H 2 O 2 was measured by spectrophotometer, 8-isoprostane by enzyme immunoassay, and cytokines by multiplexed xMAP1 technology (Luminex Corporation, Austin, TX, USA).The optimised glass condenser yielded significantly more EBC volume (median 2,025 mL, interquartile range 1,600-2,525). The reproducibility of EBC volume, yielded by the new glass condenser, was comparable with EcoScreen1 (19-20 coefficients of variation (CV)%), but was significantly better compared with silicone and glass (29-37 CV%). The new condenser was associated with significantly more detections of H 2 O 2 , 8-isoprostane, interleukin-2, -4, -5 and -13, and tumour necrosis factor-a. Isoprostane concentrations were significantly higher using the new condenser, whereas H 2 O 2 and cytokine concentrations were not. Reproducibility of biomarkers was equally variable for all condenser types.In conclusion, significantly more exhaled breath condensate volume and biomarker detections were found using the optimised glass condenser, including higher 8-isoprostane levels. However, biomarker reproducibility in exhaled breath condensate in healthy adults was not influenced by the type of condenser.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarker reproducibility in exhaled breath condensate collected with different condensers

Rosias¹,

Robroeks²,

Kester³

et al. 2008

Eur Respir J

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“…The commercially available EcoScreen (Jaeger, Wurzburg, Germany) and R-tubes (Respiratory Research Inc., Charlottesville, VA, USA) are commonly used, while some laboratories have used their own custom-made devices. Studies comparing collection devices have shown that there may be differences; in a mixed group of patients with asthma or allergic rhinitis and healthy volunteers, significantly higher pH levels were observed in EBC collected using EcoScreen compared to R-tubes [6]. Significantly higher eotaxin and cysteinyl-leukotriene levels have also been observed using the EcoScreen compared to R-tubes [7].…”

Section: Ebc Collection Collection Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaled breath condensate biomarkers in COPD

Borrill¹,

Roy²,

Singh³

2008

Eur Respir J

117

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Biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be useful in aiding diagnosis, defining specific phenotypes of disease, monitoring exacerbations and evaluating the effects of drugs. Exhaled breath condensate is a noninvasive means of sampling the airways, allowing biomarkers of airway inflammation and oxidative stress to be measured. In the present review, the use of exhaled breath condensate biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is explored and potential applications in diagnosis, disease phenotyping, exacerbation monitoring and clinical trials are considered. Exhaled breath condensate biomarkers are comprehensively reviewed in terms of method validation, reproducibility, disease specificity and sensitivity to detect changes in airway inflammation.The commonly used exhaled breath condensate methodologies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients are shown to have considerable variability, due to technical issues concerning both sample collection and analysis. Despite these issues, there is still data to support the use of exhaled breath condensate biomarkers for monitoring chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations and the response to pharmacological intervention. Further improvements to sample collection and analysis methods will improve the sensitivity of these biomarkers. The use of cytokine arrays, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance profiling of exhaled breath condensate has opened a new avenue for analysis, as hypothesis generation from such profiling may lead to further selection of biomarkers for specific analysis.

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“…It is considered to be the most validated parameter of EBC, which can be easily and reproducibly measured with non-expensive equipment (1). There are certain limitations and unresolved questions, including the source of airway acidifi cation assessed by EBC pH, issues regarding the methodology of EBC collection, sample preparation and EBC pH measurement, as well as sensitivity and specifi city of the method (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Nevertheless, a number of studies have shown that acidifi cation caused by the infl ammation of the airways, like in asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is refl ected in lower EBC pH (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaled Breath Condensate pH in Adult Croatian Population Without Respiratory Disorders: How Healthy a Population Should Be to Provide Normative Data?

Varnai

Ljubičić

Prester

et al. 2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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The aim of this study was to obtain preliminary exhaled breath condensate (EBC) pH values for healthy adult Croatian subjects, and to evaluate criteria for defi ning respiratory health of population providing normal EBC pH values in epidemiologic studies. In 109 adults without a history of lower airway symptoms (AS), four groups were described by narrowing the defi nition of "health" down to 1) without lower AS; 2) without lower and upper AS; 3) without AS, with normal FEV 1 and bronchial normoreactivity; 4) without AS, with normal FEV 1 , bronchial normoreactivity, normal total IgE, and with negative skin prick test. Median EBC pH values did not differ between the groups (7.72, 7.73, 7.73, 7.73), but as health criteria got stricter, we observed a slight, nonsignifi cant increase in minimal pH values (6.95, 7.10, 7.20, 7.37). Median EBC pH values with interquartile range in the total sample (7.72; 7.63 to 7.76) were within the range previously reported by other authors. They did not differ regarding sex, smoking habit and atopic status, and were not associated with age, FEV 1 or total IgE. The non-signifi cant trend in EBC pH observed with stricter criteria of respiratory health and atopic status indicates the need for further research on criteria for defi ning healthy population in a larger sample.

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Differences in exhaled breath condensate pH measurements between samples obtained with two commercial devices

Abstract: The present study demonstrates that EBC pH value is dependent on the collection device used and that the storage for 8 weeks had a significant influence on the pH of samples analyzed without deaeration.

Cited by 59 publications

References 17 publications

Biomarker reproducibility in exhaled breath condensate collected with different condensers

Biomarker reproducibility in exhaled breath condensate collected with different condensers

Exhaled breath condensate biomarkers in COPD

Exhaled Breath Condensate pH in Adult Croatian Population Without Respiratory Disorders: How Healthy a Population Should Be to Provide Normative Data?

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