Differences in macrofaunal and seagrass assemblages in seagrass beds with and without seaweed farms

Eklöf, Johan; Castro, Maricela de la Torre; Adelsköld, L.; Jiddawi, Narriman; Kautsky, Nils

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2004.11.014

Cited by 96 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A demanda mundial de matéria prima para a produção de carragenana é crescente (Ask & Azanza 2002) sendo estimado um aumento anual de cerca de 5% para as próximas décadas (Eklöf et al 2005). No Brasil, existem duas fontes de matéria prima para produção de carragenana, uma a partir do cultivo da alga exótica, Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex P.C.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Contribuição ao protocolo de monitoramento ambiental da maricultura de Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex P.C. Silva (Areschougiaceae - Rhodophyta) na baía de Sepetiba, RJ, Brasil

2009

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RESUMO -(Contribuição ao protocolo de monitoramento ambiental da maricultura de Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex P.C. Silva (Areschougiaceae -Rhodophyta) na baía de Sepetiba, RJ, Brasil). Kappaphycus alvarezii, uma das principais fontes de matéria prima para produção de carragenana, vem sendo cultivada em balsas flutuantes, na baía de Sepetiba, sem estudos de monitoramento ambiental. A ocorrência e o estabelecimento de esporos e de mudas desta alga exótica no ambiente marinho foram avaliados e a praticidade da metodologia aplicada foi verificada, visando à proposta de um protocolo de monitoramento ambiental para cultivos liberados para o Brasil, entre a baía de Sepetiba (RJ) e a Ilha Bela (SP). Este estudo foi realizado no maior cultivo desta espécie no país, na baía de Sepetiba (23º03'50"S e 043º52'50"N), entre maio e julho/2006. Neste período, não foi observada ocorrência de mudas férteis sob cultivo tampouco estabelecimento de esporos. A ocorrência de mudas fora do sistema de cultivo foi ínfima, frente à biomassa cultivada, e restrita aos limites da fazenda marinha. Além disso, a sobrevivência de mudas transplantadas fora das balsas foi suprimida em detrimento da baixa incidência luminosa provocada pelo alto teor de material particulado em suspensão na água do mar. Concluiu-se, portanto, que a introdução de Kappaphycus alvarezii não ocasionou danos ambientais nesta baía até o momento e que o método utilizado foi adequado à avaliação do estabelecimento desta espécie no ambiente. Neste sentido, recomenda-se a aplicação permanente do método apresentado como protocolo para o cultivo de Kappaphycus alvarezii na área permitida para o Brasil, visando à manutenção da biodiversidade marinha. Palavras-chave: alga exótica, maricultura de algas, introdução de espécies ABSTRACT -(Contribution to the environmental monitoring protocol for Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex P.C. Silva (Areschougiaceae -Rhodophyta) cultivation at Sepetiba bay, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil). Kappaphycus alvarezii, one of the most important sources of raw material for carrageenan production, has been cultivated in a floating-raft system, at Sepetiba Bay, southeast Brazil, with no environmental monitoring studies. The aim of this research was to verify the occurrence and establishment of Kappaphycus alvarezii plantlets and spores in the benthic communities around the biggest Brazilian Kappaphycus alvarezii farm, at Sepetiba Bay (23º03'50"S; 043º52'50"N), to analyze the applicability of the methodology and to propose an environmental monitoring protocol for areas where this cultivation is permitted in Brazil. From May to July/2006, the occurrence of fertile cultivated branches as well the recruitment and establishment of spores were not observed. The occurrence of plantlets outside the system was restricted to the farm boundaries and lost biomass was insignificant in relation to cultivated biomass. Futhermore, the establishment of transplanted seedlings through vegetative growth was suppressed by high suspended particulate material in the w...

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Contribuição ao protocolo de monitoramento ambiental da maricultura de Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex P.C. Silva (Areschougiaceae - Rhodophyta) na baía de Sepetiba, RJ, Brasil

2009

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“…m -2 ) in seagrass beds than in unvegetated areas (e.g. Bostrom & Bonsdorff 1997;Arrivillaga & Baltz 1999, Paula et al, 2001Eklöf et al, 2005). This is often attributed to refuge from predation (Hindell et al, 2000, Salita et al, 2003 and the presence of food (Connolly, 1994;Bologna & Heck, 1999), and is in turn affected by seagrass properties such as species diversity (Somerfield et al, 2002) and shoot density (Webster et al, 1998).…”

Section: S E a G R A S S A S S O C I A T E D I N V E R T E B R A T E mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is often attributed to refuge from predation (Hindell et al, 2000, Salita et al, 2003 and the presence of food (Connolly, 1994;Bologna & Heck, 1999), and is in turn affected by seagrass properties such as species diversity (Somerfield et al, 2002) and shoot density (Webster et al, 1998). There is often also a marked difference in animal community composition in seagrass beds, which in tropical areas include crustaceans (amphipods, isopods, copepods), polychaetes, nematodes, echinoderms and molluscs (Somerfield et al, 2002;Eklöf et al, 2005).…”

Section: S E a G R A S S A S S O C I A T E D I N V E R T E B R A T E mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the animal food items, few systematic studies have investigated animal communities associated to seagrass ecosystems in the study area. Eklöf et al, (2005) analyzed infauna invertebrate communities (> 0.5 mm) in seagrass meadows in Chwaka Bay. Based on the results of this study, 75 % of all food items found in the fish stomachs were also found in the seagrass meadows.…”

Section: Importance Of Seagrass Tissue As a Food Source Versus Importmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seagrass Importance in Food Provisioning Services: Fish Stomach Content as a Link between Seagrass Meadows and Local Fisheries

Torre‐Castro

Eklöf²,

Rönnbäck³

et al. 2009

West Ind. Oc. J Mar. Sci.

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Abstract-The links between ecosystem processes and functions and ecosystem services (i.e. the human benefits from those) are elusive. In this paper, the food provisioning service of seagrass meadows is operationalized through the study of the stomach contents of 13 important commercial fish species in Chwaka Bay, Zanzibar. Using local fishers' knowledge on bait, scientific knowledge about the structure of the meadows (associated flora and fauna), stomach content analysis and multivariate statistics, the food provisioning service associated with seagrasses and its importance for fish (as important diet component) and for humans (in small-scale artisanal fisheries) are described. The study presents the food items for 13 commercial fish species identified at the lowest possible taxonomical level and compares with previous literature findings. In addition, differences in stomach contents of Siganus sutor and Leptoscarus vaigiensis caught with both drag-nets and dema basket traps are investigated in order to explore bait presence and indirectly evaluate fishers' knowledge on bait preference. The results show that most of the items consumed by commercial fishes are associated with seagrass beds and that there are clear indicators that the bait traditionally used seems to be effective. The paper elaborates on the consideration of seagrass ecosystems in a holistic perspective, the difficulties in valuation of ecosystem services and finally the crucial importance of these aspects for human well-being and sustainability in coastal communities of the Western Indian Ocean.

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“…Seaweeds are a very important component of marine ecosystems because of their ecological roles as primary producers and as providers of habitat, nursery grounds, and food sources for various marine animals (Terawaki et al, 2001;Choi et al, 2002;Eklof et al, 2005). Seaweed community structure, including seaweed biomass and functional-form abundance, changes seasonally and spatially, as it is closely related to environmental factors such as light, seawater temperature, sedimentation, and nutrient availability (Steneck and Dethier, 1994;Piazzi et al, 2002;Arévalo et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variability of Seaweed Biomass along the Vertical Shore Gradients of Nachido and Odo Islands, the Yellow Sea, Korea

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Choi³

2010

Fisheries and aquatic sciences

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Seasonal variation in seaweed biomass was examined along vertical shore gradients on the rocky shores of Nachido and Odo Islands, the Yellow Sea, Korea, from August 2007 to April 2008. The average annual biomass of seaweed was 404.07 g wet wt/m², with seasonal variation from 232.61 g in the spring to 754.90 g wet wt/m² in the summer at Nachido Island. At Odo Island, average biomass was 270.82 g wet wt/m² and ranged from 48.35 g in the winter to 451.66 g wet wt/m² in the spring. Seaweed biomass exhibited an even distribution across the shore gradient from the high intertidal zone to -5-m depth at Nachido Island, whereas seaweed biomass was concentrated from the mid intertidal zone to -1-m depth in the subtidal zone at Odo Island. Sargassum thunbergii was the most dominant species, occupying 28.24% (114.12 g wet wt/m²) and 36.57% (99.05 g wet wt/m²) of total biomass at Nachido and Odo Islands, respectively. Subdominant seaweed species was Gelidium amansii, comprising 15.23% (61.52 g wet wt/m²) and 14.70% (39.82 g wet wt/m²) of total biomass at Nachido and Odo Islands, respectively. Dominant functional group was the coarsely branched-form group, which grows under moderate environmental conditions and comprised 93.34% (377.15 g wet wt/m²) and 66.96% (181.35-g wet wt/m²) of total biomass at Nachido and Odo Islands, respectively. Percentage biomass of sheet-form seaweeds growing at relatively disturbed and polluted areas was approximately 20.83% (56.40 g wet wt/m²) of total biomass along the Odo rocky shore. Based on the biomass and functional-form composition of seaweeds, we concluded that Nachido Island provides better environmental conditions than does Odo Island. In addition, the vertical distribution and dominant species of seaweeds on the two islands were very similar, but the functional-form composition of seaweeds at Nachido Island differed slightly from that at Odo Island.

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Differences in macrofaunal and seagrass assemblages in seagrass beds with and without seaweed farms

Cited by 96 publications

References 35 publications

Contribuição ao protocolo de monitoramento ambiental da maricultura de Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex P.C. Silva (Areschougiaceae - Rhodophyta) na baía de Sepetiba, RJ, Brasil

Contribuição ao protocolo de monitoramento ambiental da maricultura de Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex P.C. Silva (Areschougiaceae - Rhodophyta) na baía de Sepetiba, RJ, Brasil

Seagrass Importance in Food Provisioning Services: Fish Stomach Content as a Link between Seagrass Meadows and Local Fisheries

Seasonal Variability of Seaweed Biomass along the Vertical Shore Gradients of Nachido and Odo Islands, the Yellow Sea, Korea

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