Different Cell Wall-Degradation Ability Leads to Tissue-Specificity between Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola

Abstract

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) lead to the devastating rice bacterial diseases and have a very close genetic relationship. There are tissue-specificity differences between Xoo and Xoc, i.e., Xoo only proliferating in xylem vessels and Xoc spreading in intercellular space of mesophyll cell. But there is little known about the determinants of tissue-specificity between Xoo and Xoc. Here we show that Xoc can spread in the intercellular spaces of mesophyll cells to form streak lesions. But Xoo is restricted to growth in the intercellular spaces of mesophyll cells on the inoculation sites. In vivo, Xoc largely breaks the surface and inner structures of cell wall in mesophyll cells in comparison with Xoo. In vitro, Xoc strongly damages the cellulose filter paper in comparison with Xoo. These results suggest that the stronger cell wall-degradation ability of Xoc than that of Xoo may be directly determining the tissue-specificity.

An In Vitro Evaluation of the Biocidal Effect of Oregano and Cloves’ Volatile Compounds against Microorganisms Colonizing an Oil Painting—A Pioneer Study

“…Paenibacillus genus was isolated from human and environmental samples [47]. Xanthomonas shows cellulose structure degradation activity [48]. Stenotrophomonas was isolated and identified from an oil painting on canvas, which showed visible signs of biodeterioration [49].…”

Improved Cold Tolerance is Associated with Altered Cell Wall Composition in Pre-Planted Tobacco

“…Double asterisks (** P < 0.01) stand for the significant difference between floating and pre-planting tobacco at the same day under cold stress freezing tolerance of pea (Lucau-Danila et al 2012). Normal cell wall under transmission electron microscope was shown as the layer of structure with low electrondensity, but the cell wall broken by biotic stress was reported to have high electron-density because of the deposition of osmiophilic material in cell wall (Cao et al 2020). These results from the present study showed slightly thicker cell wall in the leaf mesophyll and root cortical cells from pre-planting tobacco than cells from floating tobacco before cold stress (Fig.…”

Design, synthesis, crystal structure, and antimicrobial activities of new quinazoline derivatives containing both the sulfonate ester and piperidinylamide moieties

“…Meanwhile, it can spread into intercellular spaces of mesophyll cells to induce streak lesions along the veins. 4,5 However, to the best of our knowledge, only a handful of examples of the preparation of bioactive molecules for controlling Xoc are reported to date. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] On the other hand, Verticillium dahlia is a soil-borne fungus that invades the plants via their roots.…”

“…The bacterium of Xoc enters rice leaves via wounds/stomata and colonizes in the sub‐stomatal cavities. Meanwhile, it can spread into intercellular spaces of mesophyll cells to induce streak lesions along the veins 4,5 . However, to the best of our knowledge, only a handful of examples of the preparation of bioactive molecules for controlling Xoc are reported to date 6–14 .…”