Different effects of ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and obestatin on gastroduodenal motility in conscious rats

Fujimiya, Mineko; Asakawa, Akihiro; Ataka, Koji; Kato, Ikuo; Inui, Akio

doi:10.3748/wjg.14.6318

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The effects of peripheral obestatin on the duodenum, but not on the antrum, were abolished by perivagal capsaicin treatment, whereas intracerebroventricular injection of the selective CRF 1 -R and CRF 2 -R antagonists blocked the suppressive effects of intravenous obestatin on the antrum and duodenum. Collectively, these results imply that the inhibitory actions of peripheral obestatin on fed gastroduodenal motility required brain CRF 1 -R and CRF 2 -R, and vagal afferent pathways might be partially involved Fujimiya et al, 2008) (see Tables 2 and 3). In contrast, intraperitoneal obestatin did not affect gastric emptying parameters and did not inhibit the prokinetic effects of acyl ghrelin (De Smet et al, 2007).…”

Section: Normal Physiology and Pathophysiology Of Ghrelin Gene mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pharmacological blockage revealed both CRF 1 -R and CRF 2 -R responsible for the activation of obestatin actions on the brain. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that CRFand urocortin-2-containing neurons in the paraventricular nucleus in the hypothalamus were activated by intravenous injection of obestatin in rats Fujimiya et al, 2008). However, another study claimed that intraperitoneal administration of obestatin did not elicit c-fos immunoreactivity in ingestive behavior-relevant brain nuclei in rodents .…”

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Ghrelin Gene Products and the Regulation of Food Intake and Gut Motility

et al. 2009

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Section: Normal Physiology and Pathophysiology Of Ghrelin Gene mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Ghrelin Gene Products and the Regulation of Food Intake and Gut Motility

et al. 2009

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“…In vitro, ghrelin contracts muscle strips of rat forestomach and antrum (7,15). Ghrelin administration induces dose-dependent phase III-like contractions in the antrum and increases the motility index (MI) in rodents (11,45,52) and humans (42). In addition, treatment with ghrelin and GH-releasing peptide-6, which is an agonist of ghrelin receptors, improves delayed gastric emptying in mice administered with cisplatin (28) and diabetic mice with gastroparesis (37).…”

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confidence: 99%

Impaired ghrelin signaling is associated with gastrointestinal dysmotility in rats with gastroesophageal reflux disease

Nahata

Muto

Ohnishi³

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is often associated with decreased upper gastrointestinal motility, and ghrelin is an appetite-stimulating hormone known to increase gastrointestinal motility. We investigated whether ghrelin signaling is impaired in rats with GERD and studied its involvement in upper gastrointestinal motility. GERD was induced surgically in Wistar rats. Rats were injected intravenously with ghrelin (3 nmol/ rat), after which gastric emptying, food intake, gastroduodenal motility, and growth hormone (GH) release were investigated. Furthermore, plasma ghrelin levels and the expression of ghrelin-related genes in the stomach and hypothalamus were examined. In addition, we administered ghrelin to GERD rats treated with rikkunshito, a Kampo medicine, and examined its effects on gastroduodenal motility. GERD rats showed a considerable decrease in gastric emptying, food intake, and antral motility. Ghrelin administration significantly increased gastric emptying, food intake, and antral and duodenal motility in sham-operated rats, but not in GERD rats. The effect of ghrelin on GH release was also attenuated in GERD rats, which had significantly increased plasma ghrelin levels and expression of orexigenic neuropeptide Y/agouti-related peptide mRNA in the hypothalamus. The number of ghrelin-positive cells in the gastric body decreased in GERD rats, but the expression of gastric preproghrelin and GH secretagogue receptor mRNA was not affected. However, when ghrelin was exogenously administered to GERD rats treated with rikkunshito, a significant increase in antral motility was observed. These results suggest that gastrointestinal dysmotility is associated with impaired ghrelin signaling in GERD rats and that rikkunshito restores gastrointestinal motility by improving the ghrelin response. gastric emptying; food intake; growth hormone; rikkunshito

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“…As such, ghrelin would be an important new target for the development of treatments for obesity. Ghrelin administration induces dose-dependent contractions in the antrum and increases the motility in rodents and humans (14,15). Also the potential of the ghrelin system as a therapeutic target for obesity treatment is still under discussion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of fundus resection on weight loss and ghrelin levels in rats

Okuş¹,

Sevinç²,

Karahan³

et al. 2016

BLL

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BACKGROUND: Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid peptide that is isolated mainly from the oxyntic glands of the stomach, especially fundus. Ghrelin administration, either centrally or peripherally, increases food intake and body weight in both rodents and humans. This study evaluates the effects of fundus resection and sclerosing agent injection on ghrelin level and weight loss. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty rats were divided into three groups. In group 1, NaCl was injected into the submucosal space at the gastric fundus while in Group 2, a sclerosing agent was injected into the latter site. In group 3, gastric fundus was resected. Ghrelin levels and weight were recorded. RESULTS: In group 1, rats continued gaining weight and ghrelin levels stayed stable. In group 2, rats' weight and ghrelin levels stayed stable and in group 3, while weight stayed stable, ghrelin levels decreased signifi cantly. CONCLUSION: In rats, the resection of fundus stabilizes weight gain and decreases ghrelin levels. However, in sclerotherapy, although weight gain was stabilized, there was no decrease in ghrelin levels. In humans, the effect of fundus resection on weight gain can usher in a new era of investigation (Tab. 2, Ref. 16). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

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Different effects of ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and obestatin on gastroduodenal motility in conscious rats

Abstract: Fujimiya M, Asakawa A, Ataka K, Kato I, Inui A. Different effects of ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and obestatin on gastroduodenal motility in conscious rats.

Cited by 41 publications

References 29 publications

Ghrelin Gene Products and the Regulation of Food Intake and Gut Motility

Ghrelin Gene Products and the Regulation of Food Intake and Gut Motility

Impaired ghrelin signaling is associated with gastrointestinal dysmotility in rats with gastroesophageal reflux disease

The effect of fundus resection on weight loss and ghrelin levels in rats

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