Differential expression of two small Hsps during diapause in the corn stalk borer Sesamia nonagrioides (Lef.)

Heat shock protein gene (Hsp) families are thought to be important in thermal adaptation, but their expression patterns under various thermal stresses have still been poorly characterized outside of model systems. We have therefore characterized Hsp genes and their stress responses in the oriental fruit moth (OFM), Grapholita molesta, a widespread global orchard pest, and compared patterns of expression in this species to that of other insects. Genes from four Hsp families showed variable expression levels among tissues and developmental stages. Members of the Hsp40, 70, and 90 families were highly expressed under short exposures to heat and cold. Expression of Hsp40, 70, and Hsc70 family members increased in OFM undergoing diapause, while Hsp90 was downregulated. We found that there was strong sequence conservation of members of large Hsp families (Hsp40, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsc70) across taxa, but this was not always matched by conservation of expression patterns. When the large Hsps as well as small Hsps from OFM were compared under acute and ramping heat stress, two groups of sHsps expression patterns were apparent, depending on whether expression increased or decreased immediately after stress exposure. These results highlight potential differences in conservation of function as opposed to sequence in this gene family and also point to Hsp genes potentially useful as bioindicators of diapause and thermal stress in OFM.

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of heat shock protein genes of the oriental fruit moth under diapause and thermal stress reveals multiple patterns dependent on the nature of stress exposure

Zhang

Peng

Zheng

et al. 2016

“…Studies on sHsp regulation in dormancies of different organisms revealed heterogenous patterns (Bonato et al 1987;Yocum et al 1991;Denlinger et al 1992;Liang et al 1997a;Yocum et al 1998;Tammariello et al 1999;Cherkasova et al 2000;Goto and Kimura 2004;Rinehart et al 2007;Gkouvitsas et al 2008), indicating a diverse array of functions. An essential upregulation of shsp has been suggested for cold hardiness in the flesh fly Sarcophaga crassipalpis (Rinehart et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress response in tardigrades: differential gene expression of molecular chaperones

Reuner

Hengherr

Mali

et al. 2010

Semi-terrestrial tardigrades exhibit a remarkable tolerance to desiccation by entering a state called anhydrobiosis. In this state, they show a strong resistance against several kinds of physical extremes. Because of the probable importance of stress proteins during the phases of dehydration and rehydration, the relative abundance of transcripts coding for two α-crystallin heat-shock proteins (MtsHsp17.2 and Mt-sHsp19.5), as well for the heat-shock proteins Mt-sHsp10, Mt-Hsp60, Mt-Hsp70 and Mt-Hsp90, were analysed in active and anhydrobiotic tardigrades of the species Milnesium tardigradum. They were also analysed in the transitional stage (I) of dehydration, the transitional stage (II) of rehydration and in heat-shocked specimens. A variable pattern of expression was detected, with most candidates being downregulated. Gene transcripts of one Mt-hsp70 isoform in the transitional stage I and Mt-hsp90 in the anhydrobiotic stage were significantly upregulated. A high gene expression (778.6-fold) was found for the small α-crystallin heat-shock protein gene Mt-sHsp17.2 after heat shock. We discuss the limited role of the stress-gene expression in the transitional stages between the active and anhydrobiotic tardigrades and other mechanisms which allow tardigrades to survive desiccation.

“…These proteins are involved in conditions of extreme temperatures, oxidation, UV irradiation, heavy metals, and chemical intoxication (Reineke 2005;Waters et al 2008). The sHSPs are also involved in some important biological processes such as cell growth, apotosis, differentiation, diapause, lifespan, membrane fluidity, and starvation resistance in insects (Arrigo 1998;Gkouvitsas et al 2008;Morrow et al 2004;Tsvetkova et al 2002;Hao et al 2007). Yet, in insects, there is only limited information about the expression, regulation and function of sHSPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Members of the α-crystallin/sHSP superfamily have recently been cloned from a few insect species: Sarcophaga crassipalpis , Venturia canescens (Reineke 2005), Bombyx mori (Sakano et al 2006), Plutella xylostella (Sonoda et al 2006), Liriomyza sp. , Locusta migratoria (Wang et al 2007), Ceratitis capitata (Kokolakis et al 2008), Mamestra brassicae (Sonoda et al 2007), Sesamia nonagrioides (Gkouvitsas et al 2008), Liriomyza sativae (Huang et al 2009), and Macrocentrus cingulum (Xu et al 2010). In the flesh fly S. crassipalpis , three sHSPs are upregulated during diapause and it has been proposed that they contribute to the survival of this insect at low temperatures (Yocum et al 1998;Li et al 2007;Rinehart et al 2007;Colinet et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the small heat shock protein Hsp27 gene in Chironomus riparius (Diptera) and its expression profile in response to temperature changes and xenobiotic exposures

Martínez-Paz

Morales

Martı́n

et al. 2014