Differential expression patterns of two delta‐9‐acyl‐CoA desaturases in Thitarodes pui (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) during different seasons and cold exposure

Abstract

Thitarodes pui larvae have a limited distribution in the Tibetan Plateau and are the host of a parasitic fungus, Ophiocordyceps sinensis. Low temperature is a main environmental stress. However, understanding of T. pui cold adaptation mechanisms is insufficient. Delta‐9‐acyl‐CoA desaturase (D9D) is closely correlated with cold adaptation for many organisms. To further understand the cold adaptation processes in T. pui larvae, two D9Ds, TpdesatA and TpdesatB were sequenced, and expression patterns were investigated during different seasons and cold exposure (under 0°C) in the laboratory. The full lengths of two cDNAs are 1,290 bp and 1,603 bp, and the ORFs encode a polypeptide of 348 and 359 amino acids, respectively. Four transmembrane domains, three conserved histidine residues and five hydrophobic regions exist in these two sequences. The expression level of TpdesatA is up‐regulated in the long‐term cold exposure and negatively correlated with temperature in seasonal patterns. TpdesatB responds to cold temperature in short‐term cold exposure and positively corresponds temporarily in seasonal expression. Two D9Ds may have different substrate specificities, TpdesatA tends to use C16:0 and C18:0 as substrate while TpdesatB prefers C18:0. In conclusion, TpdesatA may play a very important role in T. pui cold tolerance and TpdesatB regulates function in short‐term cold exposure and content change of fatty acids in the body.

De-novo genome assembly of the invasive mosquito speciesAedes japonicusandAedes koreicus

“…In striped hamsters acclimated to cold (5°C), alanine aminopeptidase activity was higher than in those exposed to hot temperatures (31°C) (Zhao et al, 2014), while it is well known that psychrophilic marine bacteria produce a cold-adapted aminopeptidase (Huston et al, 2008). Concerning Acyl-CoA desaturase, there is large evidence of its involvement in cold adaptation processes: in the winged midge Parochlus steinenii, the extended acyl-CoA delta desaturase gene family underwent gene family expansion via multiple gene duplications for adaptation to the cold environments (Kim et al, 2022); in Drosophila and in Lepidoptera, the specific expression of some desaturases modulates cold adaptation mechanisms (Suito et al, 2020;Min et al, 2017). Serine carboxypeptidases are expressed in mud crabs in response to cold exposition (Chen et al, 2022).…”

De-novo genome assembly of the invasive mosquito species Aedes japonicus and Aedes koreicus

“…In striped hamsters acclimated to cold (5°C), alanine aminopeptidase activity was higher than in those exposed to hot temperatures (31°C) (15), while it is well known that psychrophilic marine bacteria produce a cold-adapted aminopeptidase (16). Concerning Acyl-CoA desaturase, ta very large evidence is on its involvement in cold adaptation processes: in the winged midge Parochlus steinenii, the extended acyl-CoA delta desaturase gene family underwent gene family expansion via multiple gene duplications for adaptation to the cold environments (17); in Drosophila and in Lepidoptera, the specific expression of some desaturases modulates cold adaptation mechanisms (18,19). Serine carboxypeptidases are expressed in mud crabs in response to cold exposition (20).…”

De-Novo Genome Assembly of the Invasive Mosquito Species Aedes Japonicus and Aedes Koreicus

“…In striped hamsters acclimated to cold (5°C), alanine aminopeptidase activity was higher than in those exposed to hot temperatures (31°C) [40], while it is well known that psychrophilic marine bacteria produce a cold-adapted aminopeptidase [41]. Concerning Acyl-CoA desaturase, ta very large evidence is on its involvement in cold adaptation processes: in the winged midge Parochlus steinenii, the extended acyl-CoA delta desaturase gene family underwent gene family expansion via multiple gene duplications for adaptation to the cold environments [42]; in Drosophila and in Lepidoptera, the speci c expression of some desaturases modulates cold adaptation mechanisms [43,44]. Serine carboxypeptidases are expressed in mud crabs in response to cold exposition [45].…”