Differential Fluorescent Banding and Isozyme Assay of Hibiscus cannabinus L. and H. sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae)

Abstract

Summary Hibiscus cannabinus var. HC-2 (2nϭ2xϭ36) and H. sabdariffa var. HS-24 (2nϭ4xϭ72) were cytogenetically and biochemically studied to elucidate their genomic homology. Both the species possessed only metacentric chromosomes. The range of chromosome length of these 2 species was 1.43-3.80 mm. Both the species showed a gradual decrease in chromosome length. Six CMA-positive bands were found in both the species. Two entirely CMA-positive banded chromosomes were found in both the species. Twenty six DAPI-positive bands were found in H. cannabinus var. HC-2. In H. sabdariffa var. HS-24, 14 DAPI-positive bands appeared. These bands were distributed in different location of respective chromosomes. Two chromosomes of H. cannabinus var. HC-2 and 8 chromosomes of H. sabdariffa var. HS-24 were entirely banded with DAPI. The entirely CMA-and DAPI-banded chromosomes were unique and could be used as marker. In H. cannabinus var. HC-2, a pair of satellites was found in orcein and CMA-staining. No satellite was found in DAPI-staining indicates its GC-rich nature. The activity of acid phosphatase and peroxidase was found similar in both the species. However, the 2 species showed different activities for esterase. The karyotypes (conventional and fluorescent) and electrophoresis pattern (acid phosphatase and peroxidase) indicates that either out of 2 different genomes in H. sabdariffa var. HS-24, 1 is very close to that of H. cannabinus var. HC-2 or H. sabdariffa var. HS-24 and H. cannabinus var. HC-2 may have derived their part of genomes from a common ancestor.

Differential Fluorescent Banding in Nine Varieties of <i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.

“…The occurrence of entirely fluoresced chromosome indicated that ATrich repeats were less confined and rather distributed throughout the length of banded chromosomes. The probable reason for entire fluorescence was i) either these chromosomes were completely AT-rich by nature or ii) due to successive duplication of AT-rich repeats (Hiron et al 2006, Mahbub et al 2007). In addition, some terminal and few centromeric bands were also observed in the nine chickpea varieties.…”

Differential Chromosome Banding and RAPD Analysis in Three Varieties of <i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.

“…In these entirely fluoresced chromosomes, GC-rich repeats were not confined but rather distributed along the chromosomes. The possible reason for entirely fluorescing was due to amplification of GC-rich repeats (Schweizer 1976, Khatun and Alam 2010, Sultana and Alam 2007, Hiron et al 2006, Mahbub et al 2007. Therefore, the soybean chromosomes had a tendency for tandem duplication.…”

“…7-9, 13-15). The probable reason for entire florescence was either i) these chromosomes were completely AT-rich by nature or ii) there was successive duplication of AT-rich repeats (Hiron et al 2006, Mahbub et al 2007). Schweizer (1976) first reported that DAPI bands revealed the presence of AT-rich repeats.…”

Cytogenetical and Molecular Characterization of <i>S. violaceum</i>, <i>S. sisymbrifolium</i> and a Putative Hybrid between ♀ <i>S. violaceum</i> and ♂ <i>S. melongena</i>

“…With the help of fluorescent staining, it was possible to solve taxonomic problems in several species. Moreover, different categories, such as form, variety, and subspecies, may also be characterized with fluorescent banding technique (Sultana and Alam 2007, Huq et al 2007, Hiron et al 2006, Sultana et al 2006, Akter and Alam 2005, Jessy et al 2005, Lubna et al 2004, Alam and Deen 2002, Hizume and Tanaka 1998, Alam et al 1998, Alam and Kondo 1995, Kondo and Hizume 1982.…”