Differential pulmonary and cardiac effects of pulmonary exposure to a panel of particulate matter-associated metals

Wallenborn, J. Grace; Schladweiler, Mette J.; Richards, Judy H.; Kodavanti, Urmila P.

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2009.08.003

Cited by 52 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Both tire wear and brake wear contain heavy metals that are known for their toxicity (Wallenborn et al, 2009;Jomova and Valko, 2011). This aspect of the chemical composition of wear particles in relation to health effects clearly warrants more study.…”

Section: Health Effects and Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Policy Relevance of Wear Emissions from Road Transport, Now and in the Future—An International Workshop Report and Consensus Statement

Gon

Gerlofs-Nijland

Gehrig

et al. 2012

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

181

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Road transport emissions are a major contributor to ambient particulate matter concentrations and have been associated with adverse health effects. Therefore, these emissions are targeted through increasingly stringent European emission standards. These policies succeed in reducing exhaust emissions, but do not address "nonexhaust" emissions from brake wear, tire wear, road wear, and suspension in air of road dust.Is this a problem? To what extent do nonexhaust emissions contribute to ambient concentrations of PM 10 or PM 2.5 ? In the near future, wear emissions may dominate the remaining traffic-related PM 10 emissions in Europe, mostly due to the steep decrease in PM exhaust emissions. This underlines the need to determine the relevance of the wear emissions as a contribution to the existing ambient PM concentrations, and the need to assess the health risks related to wear particles, which has not yet received much attention. During a workshop in 2011, available knowledge was reported and evaluated so as to draw conclusions on the relevance of traffic-related wear emissions for air quality policy development. On the basis of available evidence, which is briefly presented in this paper, it was concluded that nonexhaust emissions and in particular suspension in air of road dust are major contributors to exceedances at street locations of the PM 10 air quality standards in various European cities. Furthermore, wear-related PM emissions that contain high concentrations of metals may (despite their limited contribution to the mass of nonexhaust emissions) cause significant health risks for the population, especially those living near intensely trafficked locations. To quantify the existing health risks, targeted research is required on wear emissions, their dispersion in urban areas, population exposure, and its effects on health. Such information will be crucial for environmental policymakers as an input for discussions on the need to develop control strategies.Implications: Road transport particulate matter (PM) emissions are associated with adverse health effects. Stringent policies succeed in reducing the exhaust PM emissions, but do not address "nonexhaust" emissions from brake wear, tire wear, road wear, and suspension in air of road dust. In the near future the nonexhaust emissions will dominate the road transport PM emissions. Based on the limited available evidence, it is argued that dedicated research is required on nonexhaust emissions and dispersion to urban areas from both an air quality and a public health perspective. The implicated message to regulators and policy makers is that road transport emissions continue to be an issue for health and air quality, despite the encouraging rapid decrease of tailpipe exhaust emissions.

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Section: Health Effects and Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Policy Relevance of Wear Emissions from Road Transport, Now and in the Future—An International Workshop Report and Consensus Statement

Gon

Gerlofs-Nijland

Gehrig

et al. 2012

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

181

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…They constitute one of the most dangerous groups of anthropogenic environmental pollutants due to their potential toxicity and their persistence in the soils and biological systems (Ogunkunle and Fatoba, 2014). Exposure to heavy metal emissions via respiration and other means have been reported to have diverse adverse effects on human health (Wallenborn et al, 2009;Jomova and Valko, 2011;Jaishankar et al, 2015;Valko et al, 2016). Some of the particulate heavy metals are strong triggers for carcinogenesis, teratogenesis and mutagenesis (Hetland et al, 2001;Ken et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ED-XRF analysis of wet deposition around metal recycling plant

Fakinle¹,

Okedere²,

Okenwa³

et al. 2017

Ife Journal of Science

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The study investigated the compositions of air emissions from a steel recycling factory with a view to assessing the impact of emissions from the factory on elemental deposition in the immediate environment of the factory. Wet atmospheric depositions samples were collected in four geographic directions and at varying distances from the factory. The collected samples were filtered; oven dried and subjected to elemental determination using energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) technique. Results showed that maximum elemental depositions occurred between 0.4 -0.6 km away from the factory in the north-east direction, with potassium being the most dominant element. Generally, the concentrations of elements decreased with increasing distance from the factory except for potassium whose trend suggested that other sources such as bush burning might also be contributing to its concentration. The possibilities of bio-accumulation and uptake of heavy metals by crops planted in the neighbourhood of the factory most especially in the north-eastern direction exist. The study concluded that emissions from the factory be treated before their release into the environment.

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“…[1][2][3][4]. Coarser particles (aerodynamic diameter greater than 10µm) are primarily irritants and may not have much relevance to direct health consequences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal trends of indoor particulate matter concentrations in a naturally ventilated school building

Chithra

Nagendra

2014

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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This paper presents the seasonal trends in indoor particulate matter (PM 10 , PM 2.5 and PM 1 ) concentrations measured at a naturally ventilated school building located close to an urban roadway in Chennai city. The indoor PM 10 , PM 2.5 and PM 1 concentrations were monitored over a period of 106 days during winter, summer and monsoon seasons. Daily average PM 10 , PM 2.5 and PM 1 concentrations inside the building were found to be 171, 53, 33; 128, 42, 20 and 142, 51, 32 µg/m 3 , respectively during winter, summer and monsoon seasons. The indoor PM concentrations were varied with outdoor meteorological conditions, traffic emissions and indoor activities. Correlation between indoor and outdoor PM 10 showed poor (R 2 =0.36) and moderate (R 2 =0.6) during working (8.00-16.00) and non working hours (16.00-8.00), respectively. Whereas, the indoor and outdoor fine PM (PM 2.5 and PM 1 ) levels showed good correlation irrespective of time period (R 2 =0.7-0.83), indicating that infiltration of vehicular emitted fine particles into indoors. The PM data analysis showed a strong seasonal influence with maximum values during winter and monsoon seasons coinciding with stagnant atmospheric conditions (low wind speed and temperature) and minimum during summer.

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Differential pulmonary and cardiac effects of pulmonary exposure to a panel of particulate matter-associated metals

Cited by 52 publications

References 60 publications

The Policy Relevance of Wear Emissions from Road Transport, Now and in the Future—An International Workshop Report and Consensus Statement

The Policy Relevance of Wear Emissions from Road Transport, Now and in the Future—An International Workshop Report and Consensus Statement

ED-XRF analysis of wet deposition around metal recycling plant

Seasonal trends of indoor particulate matter concentrations in a naturally ventilated school building

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