Differentiating Parasitism and Other Interactions in Fossilized Colonial Organisms

Taylor, Paul D.

doi:10.1016/bs.apar.2015.05.002

Cited by 22 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Alvarez & Taylor ). Protracted epizooism involving large colonial hosts may result in symbiotic intergrowths, allowing the smaller symbiont to escape complete overgrowth and potentially enjoy structural and other benefits from being contained within the skeleton of its larger host (see Taylor ; Vinn & Wilson ). Examples in the fossil record include intergrowths between Ordovician cornulitids and stromatoporoids and tabulate corals (Dixon ), Cretaceous scleractinian corals and serpulid and sabellid polychaetes (Garberoglio & Lazo ), and Neogene scleractinian corals and bryozoans (Cadée & McKinney ).…”

Section: Patterns Of Spatial Competitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition between encrusters on marine hard substrates and its fossil record

Taylor

2016

Palaeontology

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Many animals and plants that colonize hard surfaces in the sea are sessile and either bore into, or cement themselves permanently to the substrate surface. Because they retain their life positions after fossilization, these sclerobionts offer scope for studying biotic interactions in the fossil record. Encrusting sclerobionts compete actively for living space, with dominant competitors overgrowing the edges of subordinates. In addition to such marginal overgrowths, spatial competition may also occur through fouling in which larvae recruit directly onto the living surfaces of established sclerobionts. Spatial competition has been studied extensively in modern marine communities but there has been little research on competition between encrusters in ancient communities. This reflects poor knowledge of the taxonomy of the sclerobionts involved, as well as problems in distinguishing between overgrowth in vivo and post-mortem. Nevertheless, if carefully interpreted, the fossil record of sclerobionts can provide an as yet largely unexploited resource for studying the long-term ecological and evolutionary dynamics of competition.

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Section: Patterns Of Spatial Competitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition between encrusters on marine hard substrates and its fossil record

Taylor

2016

Palaeontology

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“…The presented concept of epibiotic cohabitation of Voronocladus gen. nov. alga and putative graptolite Podoliagraptus gen. nov. is understood here as the most reasonable. However, there are not enough data to assign the phenomenon of alga and putative graptolite coexistence as a kind of symbiosis, parasitism or commensalism (see Zapalski 2007;Taylor 2015).…”

Section: Habitat Of Benthic Graptolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coexistence of algae and a graptolite-like problematicum: a case study from the late Silurian of Podolia (Ukraine)

Skompski,

Kozłowska,

Kozłowski

et al. 2023

Acta Geologica Polonica

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This contribution presents the record of an abundant assemblage of well-preserved, thallophytic noncalcified algae and of an epibiotic form that has been recognised as a putative graptolite from the upper Silurian (Ludlow, Gorstian–Ludfordian) of Podolia (western part of Ukraine). The sediments represent a shallow peritidal zone of the shelf. A new genus and species, Voronocladus dryganti, belonging to the Dasycladales Pascher, 1931, is established. Most of the specimens representing the algal thallus are overgrown by problematical epibiotic graptolites, described as Podoliagraptus algaeoides gen. et sp. nov. This phenomenon is explained as an epiphytic mode of life of the putative graptolite on algae, and is herein compared to recently known coexistences of algae with other organisms. The excellent state of preservation, and the abundance of studied Dasycladales algae and epibiotic problematics indicate that the investigated mudstone layer can be treated as a ‘Konservat Lagerstätte’ sensu Seilacher (1970).

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“…The exact nature of these early symbiotic associations has mostly remained problematic. Many bioclaustrations may have been parasitic (Zapalski, 2007(Zapalski, , 2011, but Taylor (2015) demonstrated that it is difficult to establish the exact type of symbiosis using the fossil material. The evolution of parasitic associations has recently been the focus of several studies (De Baets and Littlewood, 2015;Huntley and De Baets, 2015;De Baets et al, 2011, 2015, 2021aHuntley et al, 2021;van Dijk and De Baets, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse endobiotic symbiont fauna from the late Katian (Late Ordovician) of Estonia

Vinn

Wilson

Holmer

et al. 2022

Palaeontol Electron

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Endobiotic cornulitids formed symbiotic associations with tabulate corals and stromatoporoids in the Katian (Late Ordovician) of Estonia. The cornulitids benefited from a stable substrate and additional protection against predators offered by the skeleton of their hosts. Symbiotic lingulates and Chaetosalpinx-like bioclaustration structures are here reported from bryozoans for the first time. The endobiotic lingulates were also symbionts of tabulate corals in the Katian of Estonia. Bryozoans hosted the most diverse fauna of endobionts in the Katian of Baltica. Corals and stromatoporoids hosted just few groups of endobionts in the Katian of Baltica.

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Differentiating Parasitism and Other Interactions in Fossilized Colonial Organisms

Cited by 22 publications

References 70 publications

Competition between encrusters on marine hard substrates and its fossil record

Competition between encrusters on marine hard substrates and its fossil record

Coexistence of algae and a graptolite-like problematicum: a case study from the late Silurian of Podolia (Ukraine)

Diverse endobiotic symbiont fauna from the late Katian (Late Ordovician) of Estonia

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