Differentiation, Regulation and Function of Th9 Cells

Jia, Lei; Wu, Changyou

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9487-9_7

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(175 reference statements)

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“…However, it appears that there are different signaling pathways and transcription factors that orchestrate the differentiation of IL-9-expressing CD4 + T cells [12, 13]. After stimulation with PMA plus ionomycin in the presence of BFA, intracellular staining showed that PBMCs from children with allergic asthma expressed higher level of IL-9.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IL-9 is a mast cell growth and differentiation factor.IL-9 has been reported to promote IL-4-driven antibody production by B cells, as well as to up-regulate IL-6 production [12, 23]. However, the direct effect of IL-9 on modulating Ig secretion is not well known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IL-9 was originally considered as a member of Th2 cell cytokines induced by IL-2, IL-4 and transforming growth factor (TGF-β), and was repressed by interferon γ (IFN-γ) [11, 12]. However, studies using various mouse models, includingIL-9-transgenic-, IL-9 −/− , IL-9R −/− mice, and IL-9-fluorescent reporter mice, have shown that Th9 cells, instead of Th2 or innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), represents the major source of IL-9 [12, 13]. In vitro studies have also reported that IL-9 and IL-4 cannot be produced by the same subtype of T cells, indicating that Th9 cells are a distinct subset of Th cells [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of IL-9 producing T cells in the PBMCs of allergic asthmatic patients

Jia

Wang

et al. 2017

BMC Immunol

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BackgroundInterleukin-9 (IL-9) was reported as an active participant in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. This study aimed to investigate the major source ofIL-9 and its effect on interferon γ (IFN-γ) and immunoglobulin (Ig) secretion by B cells.MethodsWe isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from children with allergic asthma and healthy children. IL-9, IL-4 and IFN-γ expression were detected by ELISA, ELISpot and Flowcytometry. Expression of transcription factor PU.1 was measured by Western Blot. We evaluated the effect of IL-9 on B cell activation and Ig production.ResultsResults showed that compared with healthy children, levels of IL-9, IL-4 and PU.1 were elevated and levels of IFN-γ were lower in children with allergic asthma. IL-9-expressing CD4+ T cells did not co-express IL-4. Exogenous IL-9 inhibited IFN-γ production in a dose-dependent manner. Antigen-specific Th9 cells existed in children with house dust mite allergic asthma. IL-9 up-regulated expression of CD69 and CD25 on B cells and combination of IL-9 and IL-4 enhanced IgE production.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our results showed that Th9 cells may be the major source of IL-9 in children with allergic asthma. In these patients, IL-9 impairs IFN-γ production and synergistically promotes IL-4-induced IgE secretion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of IL-9 producing T cells in the PBMCs of allergic asthmatic patients

Jia

Wang

et al. 2017

BMC Immunol

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“…IL-1β promotes the secretion of cytokines IL-9, IL-10, and IL-21 from T H 9 cells through STAT1-IRF1-dependent mechanisms [22, 90, 91]. Furthermore, this IL-1β-induced T H 9 differentiation increased IL-21, but not IL-9, secretion, and increased IL-21-dependent anti-tumor effects [92–94].…”

Section: Th9 Cell Differentiation and Function In Anti-tumor Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

TH9 cell differentiation, transcriptional control and function in inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer

Zhang

et al. 2016

Oncotarget

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Naïve CD4+T cells differentiate into various T cell subsets depending on the specific cytokine environment. TH9 cells are less well-characterized than other T cell subsets, and factors that control their development and function have only recently been identified. It is now clear that TH9 cells play critical roles in immune-mediated diseases, including allergic airway, autoimmune and inflammatory bowel diseases, and cancer. Thus, the promotion or suppression of TH9 cell differentiation, transcriptional control and function may provide novel treatments for clinical inflammation, autoimmune diseases and tumors.

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“…Our previous animal and human studies have shown that the Treg cells overwhelmed immune response, although no significant alteration was found in terms of Th17 [ 2 , 12 ]. As a new member of CD4 + T cell family, Th9 cells have been known to play a significant role in some diseases, such as allergic diseases and cancers as well as the parasitic infections [ 13 ]. Furthermore, Th9 cells, through the expression of the effector cytokine IL-9, are more efficient than classical Th2 cells at orchestrating antihelminthic responses in helminthic infection in vivo [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Role of Th9 Cell Related Cytokine and Transcription Factors in Patients with Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis

Tuxun

Apaer

et al. 2015

Journal of Immunology Research

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Human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a lethal parasitic infectious disease which may lead to liver failure if left untreated. It is caused by the larval stage of the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis and usually develops a substantial infiltrative occupation in solid organs. During the infection, T helper subsets are known to play crucial role in crosstalk between the parasite and human host. Th9 cells, a new member of CD4+ T cell family which is characterized by its specific cytokine IL-9 and transcription factors PU.1 and IRF-4, have been known recently to have a critical role in allergic diseases, and cancers as well as the parasitic infection. To assess the potential role of Th9 cells during the infection, the mRNA levels of IL-9, PU.1, and IRF-4 both in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in liver tissues were, respectively, detected by using real-time PCR. The plasma concentration levels of IL-9 were detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Th9 related cytokine IL-9 and transcription factors PU.1 and IRF-4 mRNA levels elevated both in PBMCs, and in hepatic lesion and paralesion tissues in AE patients. This may facilitate the infiltrative growth of the parasite and its persistence in human host.

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Differentiation, Regulation and Function of Th9 Cells

Cited by 32 publications

References 92 publications

Detection of IL-9 producing T cells in the PBMCs of allergic asthmatic patients

Detection of IL-9 producing T cells in the PBMCs of allergic asthmatic patients

TH9 cell differentiation, transcriptional control and function in inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer

The Potential Role of Th9 Cell Related Cytokine and Transcription Factors in Patients with Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis

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