Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage caused by sevoflurane: case report and literature review

Abstract

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH), as an exclusion diagnosis in the clinic, is often occult but with serious consequences. DAH can be caused by many immune factors such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome, or non-immune factors such as cocaine, marijuana, infection and radiotherapy. This paper reports a case of DAH caused by sevoflurane during anesthesia. The patient was a 31-year-old healthy male. After the oxygenation decreased during operation, the resuscitation was delayed in the anesthesia resuscitation room. At the same time, severe acute cor pulmonale occurred, which caused hemodynamic disorder and a progressive decrease in oxygenation. After active treatment, the patient recovered. In addition, DAH caused by sevoflurane and other factors was reviewed in this paper.